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Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population

BACKGROUND: There is limited research evaluating patient acceptability of medication formulations in the treatment of acute agitation. This study assessed patient acceptability of medication formulations (tablet, orally-dissolving-tablet [ODT], liquid, intramuscular injection [IM], inhaled device [I...

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Autores principales: Walker, Rachel E., Nelson, Leigh Anne, Kriz, Carrie, Iuppa, Courtney A., Liu, Yifei, Diefenderfer, Lauren A., Elliott, Ellie S. R., Sommi, Roger W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9844403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36649014
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy11010004
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author Walker, Rachel E.
Nelson, Leigh Anne
Kriz, Carrie
Iuppa, Courtney A.
Liu, Yifei
Diefenderfer, Lauren A.
Elliott, Ellie S. R.
Sommi, Roger W.
author_facet Walker, Rachel E.
Nelson, Leigh Anne
Kriz, Carrie
Iuppa, Courtney A.
Liu, Yifei
Diefenderfer, Lauren A.
Elliott, Ellie S. R.
Sommi, Roger W.
author_sort Walker, Rachel E.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There is limited research evaluating patient acceptability of medication formulations in the treatment of acute agitation. This study assessed patient acceptability of medication formulations (tablet, orally-dissolving-tablet [ODT], liquid, intramuscular injection [IM], inhaled device [INH]) for the treatment of acute agitation and examined correlating factors. METHODS: Adults with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder receiving emergency or inpatient services at an inpatient psychiatric facility in Kansas City, Missouri were included. Participants viewed a presentation on medication formulations for acute agitation and were surveyed on acceptability (measured on a five-point Likert scale). The primary outcome variable was the attitudinal measurement of acceptability of each formulation in correlation with the severity of agitation for use in themselves and other patients. RESULTS: One hundred participants completed the survey. Participants rated the following: (1) This medication formulation would be acceptable to treat mild agitation in themselves and others (oral tablet 85% and 48%; ODT 82% and 55%; liquid 74% and 51%; IM 53% and 74%; INH 78% and 72%); and (2) This medication formulation would be acceptable to treat severe agitation in themselves and others (oral tablet 75% and 52%; ODT 74% and 53%; liquid 66% and 53%; IM 61% and 67%; INH 77% and 72%). For treating mild agitation, participants preferred tablets and ODTs to the IM (p < 0.05) and the INH to liquid or IM (p < 0.05), for themselves; and oral formulations were preferred to the IM (p < 0.05) for other patients. For severe agitation in themselves and others, preference for the INH and IM versus oral formulations (p < 0.05) was significant, with no difference between the INH and IM (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of responses preferring oral formulations was higher than IM and INH. Dosage formulation acceptability differed depending on the severity of agitation and intended recipient of the medication.
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spelling pubmed-98444032023-01-18 Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population Walker, Rachel E. Nelson, Leigh Anne Kriz, Carrie Iuppa, Courtney A. Liu, Yifei Diefenderfer, Lauren A. Elliott, Ellie S. R. Sommi, Roger W. Pharmacy (Basel) Article BACKGROUND: There is limited research evaluating patient acceptability of medication formulations in the treatment of acute agitation. This study assessed patient acceptability of medication formulations (tablet, orally-dissolving-tablet [ODT], liquid, intramuscular injection [IM], inhaled device [INH]) for the treatment of acute agitation and examined correlating factors. METHODS: Adults with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder receiving emergency or inpatient services at an inpatient psychiatric facility in Kansas City, Missouri were included. Participants viewed a presentation on medication formulations for acute agitation and were surveyed on acceptability (measured on a five-point Likert scale). The primary outcome variable was the attitudinal measurement of acceptability of each formulation in correlation with the severity of agitation for use in themselves and other patients. RESULTS: One hundred participants completed the survey. Participants rated the following: (1) This medication formulation would be acceptable to treat mild agitation in themselves and others (oral tablet 85% and 48%; ODT 82% and 55%; liquid 74% and 51%; IM 53% and 74%; INH 78% and 72%); and (2) This medication formulation would be acceptable to treat severe agitation in themselves and others (oral tablet 75% and 52%; ODT 74% and 53%; liquid 66% and 53%; IM 61% and 67%; INH 77% and 72%). For treating mild agitation, participants preferred tablets and ODTs to the IM (p < 0.05) and the INH to liquid or IM (p < 0.05), for themselves; and oral formulations were preferred to the IM (p < 0.05) for other patients. For severe agitation in themselves and others, preference for the INH and IM versus oral formulations (p < 0.05) was significant, with no difference between the INH and IM (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of responses preferring oral formulations was higher than IM and INH. Dosage formulation acceptability differed depending on the severity of agitation and intended recipient of the medication. MDPI 2022-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9844403/ /pubmed/36649014 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy11010004 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Walker, Rachel E.
Nelson, Leigh Anne
Kriz, Carrie
Iuppa, Courtney A.
Liu, Yifei
Diefenderfer, Lauren A.
Elliott, Ellie S. R.
Sommi, Roger W.
Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title_full Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title_fullStr Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title_short Enhancing Outcomes: Acceptability of Medication Formulations for the Treatment of Acute Agitation in a Psychiatric Population
title_sort enhancing outcomes: acceptability of medication formulations for the treatment of acute agitation in a psychiatric population
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9844403/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36649014
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy11010004
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