Transcriptomic profiling of hepatic tissues for drug metabolism genes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A study of human and animals

BACKGROUND: Drug metabolism genes are involved in the in vivo metabolic processing of drugs. In previous research, we found that a high-fat diet affected the transcript levels of mouse hepatic genes responsible for drug metabolism. AIMS: Our research intends to discover the drug metabolism genes that are dysregulated at the transcriptome level in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: We analyzed the transcriptome for drug metabolism genes of 35 human liver tissues obtained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Additionally, we imported transcriptome data from mice fed a high-fat diet in previous research and two open-access Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE63067 and GSE89632). Then, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we cross-linked the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in clinical and animal samples and validated the common genes. RESULTS: In this study, we identified 35 DEGs, of which 33 were up-regulated and two were down-regulated. Moreover, we found 71 DEGs (39 up- and 32 down-regulated), 276 DEGs (157 up- and 119 down-regulated), and 158 DEGs (117 up- and 41 down-regulated) in the GSE63067, GSE89632, and high-fat diet mice, respectively. Of the 35 DEGs, nine co-regulated DEGs were found in the Venn diagram (CYP20A1, CYP2U1, SLC9A6, SLC26A6, SLC31A1, SLC46A1, SLC46A3, SULT1B1, and UGT2A3). CONCLUSION: Nine significant drug metabolism genes were identified in NAFLD. Future research should investigate the impacts of these genes on drug dose adjustment in patients with NAFLD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100041714.