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Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection
In many animals, the germline differentiates early in embryogenesis, so only mutations that accumulate in germ cells are inherited by offspring. Exceptions to this developmental process may indicate other mechanisms have evolved to limit the effects of deleterious mutation accumulation. Stony corals...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9846893/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36651044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1766 |
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author | López-Nandam, Elora H. Albright, Rebecca Hanson, Erik A. Sheets, Elizabeth A. Palumbi, Stephen R. |
author_facet | López-Nandam, Elora H. Albright, Rebecca Hanson, Erik A. Sheets, Elizabeth A. Palumbi, Stephen R. |
author_sort | López-Nandam, Elora H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In many animals, the germline differentiates early in embryogenesis, so only mutations that accumulate in germ cells are inherited by offspring. Exceptions to this developmental process may indicate other mechanisms have evolved to limit the effects of deleterious mutation accumulation. Stony corals are animals that can live for hundreds of years and have been thought to produce gametes from somatic tissue. To clarify conflicting evidence about germline-soma distinction in corals, we sequenced high coverage, full genomes with technical replicates for parent coral branches and their sperm pools. We identified post-embryonic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) unique to each parent branch, then checked if each SNV was shared by the respective sperm pool. Twenty-six per cent of post-embryonic SNVs were shared by the sperm and 74% were not. We also identified germline SNVs, those that were present in the sperm but not in the parent. These data suggest that self-renewing stem cells differentiate into germ and soma throughout the adult life of the colony, with SNV rates and patterns differing markedly in stem, soma and germ lineages. In addition to informing the evolution of germlines in metazoans, these insights inform how corals may generate adaptive diversity necessary in the face of global climate change. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9846893 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98468932023-03-22 Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection López-Nandam, Elora H. Albright, Rebecca Hanson, Erik A. Sheets, Elizabeth A. Palumbi, Stephen R. Proc Biol Sci Evolution In many animals, the germline differentiates early in embryogenesis, so only mutations that accumulate in germ cells are inherited by offspring. Exceptions to this developmental process may indicate other mechanisms have evolved to limit the effects of deleterious mutation accumulation. Stony corals are animals that can live for hundreds of years and have been thought to produce gametes from somatic tissue. To clarify conflicting evidence about germline-soma distinction in corals, we sequenced high coverage, full genomes with technical replicates for parent coral branches and their sperm pools. We identified post-embryonic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) unique to each parent branch, then checked if each SNV was shared by the respective sperm pool. Twenty-six per cent of post-embryonic SNVs were shared by the sperm and 74% were not. We also identified germline SNVs, those that were present in the sperm but not in the parent. These data suggest that self-renewing stem cells differentiate into germ and soma throughout the adult life of the colony, with SNV rates and patterns differing markedly in stem, soma and germ lineages. In addition to informing the evolution of germlines in metazoans, these insights inform how corals may generate adaptive diversity necessary in the face of global climate change. The Royal Society 2023-01-25 2023-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9846893/ /pubmed/36651044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1766 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Evolution López-Nandam, Elora H. Albright, Rebecca Hanson, Erik A. Sheets, Elizabeth A. Palumbi, Stephen R. Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title | Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title_full | Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title_fullStr | Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title_full_unstemmed | Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title_short | Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
title_sort | mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection |
topic | Evolution |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9846893/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36651044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1766 |
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