Luminescence nanothermometry using a trivalent lanthanide co-doped perovskite

This study investigates in detail the laser-mediated upconversion emission and temperature-sensing capability of (Ca(0.99−a)Yb(0.01)Er(a))TiO(3). Samples were prepared at different concentrations to observe the effect of erbium on upconversion while increasing its concentration and keeping all the other parameters constant. Doping is a widespread technological process which involves incorporating an element called a dopant in a lower ratio to the host lattice to derive hybrid materials with desired properties. The (Ca(0.99−a)Yb(0.01)Er(a))TiO(3) perovskite nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol–gel technique. The frequency upconversion was performed using a 980 nm laser diode excitation source. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) confirmed that the synthesized samples are crystalline in nature and have an orthorhombic structure. The temperature-sensing ability was examined using the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) algorithm of two emission bands ((2)H(11/2) → (4)I(15/2) and (4)S(3/2) → (4)I(15/2)) of the Er(3+) ion. Temperature-dependent upconversion luminescence is observed over a broad temperature range of 298–623 K. The maximum sensor sensitivity obtained is 6.71 × 10(−3) K(−1) at 110°.