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Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and complex One Health concern worldwide, threatening the practice of human and veterinary medicine. Although dogs are a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there are very few surveillance studies on AMR from the canine popul...

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Autores principales: Osman, Marwan, Altier, Craig, Cazer, Casey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849698/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36687655
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025242
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author Osman, Marwan
Altier, Craig
Cazer, Casey
author_facet Osman, Marwan
Altier, Craig
Cazer, Casey
author_sort Osman, Marwan
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and complex One Health concern worldwide, threatening the practice of human and veterinary medicine. Although dogs are a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there are very few surveillance studies on AMR from the canine population in the United States. Here, we assessed the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, identified temporal resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration trends, and described associations between resistance phenotypes among canine clinical enterococci in the northeastern United States. METHODS: Through a large-scale retrospective study design, we collected species identification, minimum inhibitory concentration, and clinical data from 3,659 canine enterococci isolated at the Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center between 2007 and 2020. We used the Mann-Kendall test, Sen’s slope, multivariable logistic regression, and survival analysis models to detect the presence of a significant trend in resistance over the study period. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis was the most prevalent species (67.1% of isolates), followed by Enterococcus faecium (20.4%). We found high levels of AMR among enterococci to almost all the tested antimicrobials, particularly E. faecium. The lowest percentage of resistance was to vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Multidrug resistance was common (80% of E. faecium and 33% of E. faecalis) and 31 isolates were extensively drug resistant. Multidrug resistance among E. faecium increased over time, but not in E. faecalis. Resistance to penicillins, enrofloxacin, and rifampin increased during the study period, but resistance to tetracyclines is on a downward trajectory compared to AMR data from the last decade. Emerging vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis (0.3%) and E. faecium (0.8%) infections in the canine population are of great concern to both human and animal health. One E. faecium isolate with acquired vancomycin resistance was identified in 2017 and four vancomycin-resistant enterococci isolates were identified in 2020. CONCLUSION: There is a crucial need to make rational prescribing decisions on the prudent use of antimicrobials and improve the quality of care for patients, especially when empirical antimicrobial treatment for enterococcal infection is common.
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spelling pubmed-98496982023-01-20 Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020 Osman, Marwan Altier, Craig Cazer, Casey Front Microbiol Microbiology INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and complex One Health concern worldwide, threatening the practice of human and veterinary medicine. Although dogs are a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there are very few surveillance studies on AMR from the canine population in the United States. Here, we assessed the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, identified temporal resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration trends, and described associations between resistance phenotypes among canine clinical enterococci in the northeastern United States. METHODS: Through a large-scale retrospective study design, we collected species identification, minimum inhibitory concentration, and clinical data from 3,659 canine enterococci isolated at the Cornell University Animal Health Diagnostic Center between 2007 and 2020. We used the Mann-Kendall test, Sen’s slope, multivariable logistic regression, and survival analysis models to detect the presence of a significant trend in resistance over the study period. RESULTS: Enterococcus faecalis was the most prevalent species (67.1% of isolates), followed by Enterococcus faecium (20.4%). We found high levels of AMR among enterococci to almost all the tested antimicrobials, particularly E. faecium. The lowest percentage of resistance was to vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Multidrug resistance was common (80% of E. faecium and 33% of E. faecalis) and 31 isolates were extensively drug resistant. Multidrug resistance among E. faecium increased over time, but not in E. faecalis. Resistance to penicillins, enrofloxacin, and rifampin increased during the study period, but resistance to tetracyclines is on a downward trajectory compared to AMR data from the last decade. Emerging vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis (0.3%) and E. faecium (0.8%) infections in the canine population are of great concern to both human and animal health. One E. faecium isolate with acquired vancomycin resistance was identified in 2017 and four vancomycin-resistant enterococci isolates were identified in 2020. CONCLUSION: There is a crucial need to make rational prescribing decisions on the prudent use of antimicrobials and improve the quality of care for patients, especially when empirical antimicrobial treatment for enterococcal infection is common. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9849698/ /pubmed/36687655 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025242 Text en Copyright © 2023 Osman, Altier and Cazer. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Osman, Marwan
Altier, Craig
Cazer, Casey
Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title_full Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title_fullStr Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title_short Antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern United States, 2007–2020
title_sort antimicrobial resistance among canine enterococci in the northeastern united states, 2007–2020
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849698/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36687655
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025242
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