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Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution
BACKGROUND: Nutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may m...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36687724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472 |
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author | Zhang, Hehua Xia, Yang Zhang, Xiangsu Chang, Qing Zhao, Yuhong |
author_facet | Zhang, Hehua Xia, Yang Zhang, Xiangsu Chang, Qing Zhao, Yuhong |
author_sort | Zhang, Hehua |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Nutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may modify the associations with GDM. This study aims to explore the associations between overall quality of carbohydrate intake and GDM as well as the modifying effect of prenatal air pollution exposure. METHODS: Carbohydrate quality index (CQI) was calculated was calculated by summing scores of the four components; Land use regression prediction models were used to assess the air pollution exposure levels. GDM definition was based on 75 g glucose tolerance test results. Associations between pre-pregnancy CQI, pre-natal air pollution as well as the modifying effect on GDM were explored based on a birth cohort in China. RESULTS: A total of 3,183 participants were included, of which 784 (24.63%) were diagnosed with GDM. Higher pre-pregnancy CQI was associated with a lower incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.99, P(for trend) = 0.04], especially for higher fasting blood glucose related GDM (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91). Higher air pollution exposure before and during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of GDM. Higher exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 2.5 μm (P (for interaction) < 0.01), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 10 μm (P (for interaction) < 0.01), and sulfur dioxide (P (for interaction) = 0.02) during pregnancy decreased the beneficial effect of high pre-pregnancy CQI on GDM. CONCLUSION: CQI related dietary interventions pre-pregnancy to prevent GDM incidence should be considered. Women who are planning to be pregnant should avoid high exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9849808 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98498082023-01-20 Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution Zhang, Hehua Xia, Yang Zhang, Xiangsu Chang, Qing Zhao, Yuhong Front Nutr Nutrition BACKGROUND: Nutritional management is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention. High quality instead of low quantity of carbohydrate intake has been paying attention in controlling glycemia. Air pollution exposure can be interacted with dietary sourced nutrients, which may modify the associations with GDM. This study aims to explore the associations between overall quality of carbohydrate intake and GDM as well as the modifying effect of prenatal air pollution exposure. METHODS: Carbohydrate quality index (CQI) was calculated was calculated by summing scores of the four components; Land use regression prediction models were used to assess the air pollution exposure levels. GDM definition was based on 75 g glucose tolerance test results. Associations between pre-pregnancy CQI, pre-natal air pollution as well as the modifying effect on GDM were explored based on a birth cohort in China. RESULTS: A total of 3,183 participants were included, of which 784 (24.63%) were diagnosed with GDM. Higher pre-pregnancy CQI was associated with a lower incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.99, P(for trend) = 0.04], especially for higher fasting blood glucose related GDM (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91). Higher air pollution exposure before and during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of GDM. Higher exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 2.5 μm (P (for interaction) < 0.01), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 10 μm (P (for interaction) < 0.01), and sulfur dioxide (P (for interaction) = 0.02) during pregnancy decreased the beneficial effect of high pre-pregnancy CQI on GDM. CONCLUSION: CQI related dietary interventions pre-pregnancy to prevent GDM incidence should be considered. Women who are planning to be pregnant should avoid high exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9849808/ /pubmed/36687724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472 Text en Copyright © 2023 Zhang, Xia, Zhang, Chang and Zhao. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Zhang, Hehua Xia, Yang Zhang, Xiangsu Chang, Qing Zhao, Yuhong Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title_full | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title_fullStr | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title_full_unstemmed | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title_short | Carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
title_sort | carbohydrate intake quality and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the modifying effect of air pollution |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36687724 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.992472 |
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