Cargando…

Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size

INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have reported the modification of particulate matters (PMs) on the association between cold temperature and health. However, it remains uncertain whether the modification effect may vary by size of PMs, especially in Shandong Province, China where the disease burdens a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhao, Zhonghui, Chu, Jie, Xu, Xiaohui, Cao, Yanwen, Schikowski, Tamara, Geng, Mengjie, Chen, Gongbo, Bai, Guannan, Hu, Kejia, Xia, Jingjing, Ma, Wei, Liu, Qiyong, Lu, Zilong, Guo, Xiaolei, Zhao, Qi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9850236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36684922
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1093588
_version_ 1784872140235866112
author Zhao, Zhonghui
Chu, Jie
Xu, Xiaohui
Cao, Yanwen
Schikowski, Tamara
Geng, Mengjie
Chen, Gongbo
Bai, Guannan
Hu, Kejia
Xia, Jingjing
Ma, Wei
Liu, Qiyong
Lu, Zilong
Guo, Xiaolei
Zhao, Qi
author_facet Zhao, Zhonghui
Chu, Jie
Xu, Xiaohui
Cao, Yanwen
Schikowski, Tamara
Geng, Mengjie
Chen, Gongbo
Bai, Guannan
Hu, Kejia
Xia, Jingjing
Ma, Wei
Liu, Qiyong
Lu, Zilong
Guo, Xiaolei
Zhao, Qi
author_sort Zhao, Zhonghui
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have reported the modification of particulate matters (PMs) on the association between cold temperature and health. However, it remains uncertain whether the modification effect may vary by size of PMs, especially in Shandong Province, China where the disease burdens associated with cold temperature and PMs are both substantial. This study aimed to examine various interactive effects of cold exposure and ambient PMs with diameters ≤1/2.5 μm (PM1 and PM2.5) on premature deaths in Shandong Province, China. METHODS: In the 2013-2018 cold seasons, data on daily mortality, PM1 and PM2.5, and weather conditions were collected from the 1822 sub-districts of Shandong Province. A time-stratified case-crossover study design was performed to quantify the cumulative association between ambient cold and mortality over lag 0-12 days, with a linear interactive term between temperature and PM1 and PM2.5 additionally added into the model. RESULTS: The mortality risk increased with temperature decline, with the cumulative OR of extreme cold (−16.9°C, the 1st percentile of temperature range) being 1.83 (95% CI: 1.66, 2.02), compared with the minimum mortality temperature. The cold-related mortality risk was 2.20 (95%CI: 1.83, 2.64) and 2.24 (95%CI: 1.78, 2.81) on high PM1 and PM2.5 days, which dropped to 1.60 (95%CI: 1.39, 1.84) and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.37, 1.88) on low PM1 and PM2.5 days. PM1 showed greater modification effect for per unit concentration increase than PM2.5. For example, for each 10?g/m3 increase in PM1 and PM2.5, the mortality risk associated with extreme cold temperature increased by 7.6% (95% CI: 1.3%, 14.2%) and 2.6% (95% CI: −0.7%, 5.9%), respectively. DISCUSSION: The increment of smaller PMs' modification effect varied by population subgroups, which was particularly strong in the elderly aged over 75 years and individuals with middle school education and below. Specific health promotion strategies should be developed towards the greater modification effect of smaller PMs on cold effect.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9850236
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98502362023-01-20 Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size Zhao, Zhonghui Chu, Jie Xu, Xiaohui Cao, Yanwen Schikowski, Tamara Geng, Mengjie Chen, Gongbo Bai, Guannan Hu, Kejia Xia, Jingjing Ma, Wei Liu, Qiyong Lu, Zilong Guo, Xiaolei Zhao, Qi Front Public Health Public Health INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have reported the modification of particulate matters (PMs) on the association between cold temperature and health. However, it remains uncertain whether the modification effect may vary by size of PMs, especially in Shandong Province, China where the disease burdens associated with cold temperature and PMs are both substantial. This study aimed to examine various interactive effects of cold exposure and ambient PMs with diameters ≤1/2.5 μm (PM1 and PM2.5) on premature deaths in Shandong Province, China. METHODS: In the 2013-2018 cold seasons, data on daily mortality, PM1 and PM2.5, and weather conditions were collected from the 1822 sub-districts of Shandong Province. A time-stratified case-crossover study design was performed to quantify the cumulative association between ambient cold and mortality over lag 0-12 days, with a linear interactive term between temperature and PM1 and PM2.5 additionally added into the model. RESULTS: The mortality risk increased with temperature decline, with the cumulative OR of extreme cold (−16.9°C, the 1st percentile of temperature range) being 1.83 (95% CI: 1.66, 2.02), compared with the minimum mortality temperature. The cold-related mortality risk was 2.20 (95%CI: 1.83, 2.64) and 2.24 (95%CI: 1.78, 2.81) on high PM1 and PM2.5 days, which dropped to 1.60 (95%CI: 1.39, 1.84) and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.37, 1.88) on low PM1 and PM2.5 days. PM1 showed greater modification effect for per unit concentration increase than PM2.5. For example, for each 10?g/m3 increase in PM1 and PM2.5, the mortality risk associated with extreme cold temperature increased by 7.6% (95% CI: 1.3%, 14.2%) and 2.6% (95% CI: −0.7%, 5.9%), respectively. DISCUSSION: The increment of smaller PMs' modification effect varied by population subgroups, which was particularly strong in the elderly aged over 75 years and individuals with middle school education and below. Specific health promotion strategies should be developed towards the greater modification effect of smaller PMs on cold effect. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9850236/ /pubmed/36684922 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1093588 Text en Copyright © 2023 Zhao, Chu, Xu, Cao, Schikowski, Geng, Chen, Bai, Hu, Xia, Ma, Liu, Lu, Guo and Zhao. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Zhao, Zhonghui
Chu, Jie
Xu, Xiaohui
Cao, Yanwen
Schikowski, Tamara
Geng, Mengjie
Chen, Gongbo
Bai, Guannan
Hu, Kejia
Xia, Jingjing
Ma, Wei
Liu, Qiyong
Lu, Zilong
Guo, Xiaolei
Zhao, Qi
Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title_full Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title_fullStr Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title_full_unstemmed Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title_short Association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in Shandong Province, China: Modification effect of particulate matter size
title_sort association between ambient cold exposure and mortality risk in shandong province, china: modification effect of particulate matter size
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9850236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36684922
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1093588
work_keys_str_mv AT zhaozhonghui associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT chujie associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT xuxiaohui associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT caoyanwen associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT schikowskitamara associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT gengmengjie associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT chengongbo associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT baiguannan associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT hukejia associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT xiajingjing associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT mawei associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT liuqiyong associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT luzilong associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT guoxiaolei associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize
AT zhaoqi associationbetweenambientcoldexposureandmortalityriskinshandongprovincechinamodificationeffectofparticulatemattersize