Evaluation of a culturally adapted cognitive behavior therapy-based, third-wave therapy manual

BACKGROUND: Recommendations for psychotherapy have evolved over the years, with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) taking precedence since its inception within clinical guidelines in the United Kingdom and United States. The use of CBT for severe mental illness is now more common globally. AIM: To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted, CBT-based, third-wave therapy manual using the Comprehend, Cope, and Connect approach with individuals from a diverse population presenting to primary and secondary healthcare services. METHODS: A pilot study was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the manualised intervention. Outcome measures were evaluated at baseline, post-intervention and 12 wk-follow up. 32 participants with mental health conditions aged 20-53 years were recruited. Assessments were completed at three time points, using Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation (CORE), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Bradford Somatic Inventory and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS). The Patient Experience Ques-tionnaire was completed post-treatment. RESULTS: Repeated measures of analysis of variance associated with HADS depression, F (2, 36) = 12.81, P < 0.001, partial η(2 )= 0.42 and HADS anxiety scores, F (2, 26) = 9.93, P < 0.001, partial η(2 )= 0.36; CORE total score and WHODAS both showed significant effect F (1.25, 18.72) = 14.98, P < 0.001, partial η(2 )= 0.5. and F (1.29, 14.18) = 6.73, P < 0.001, partial η(2 )= 0.38 respectively. CONCLUSION: These results indicate the effectiveness and acceptability of the culturally adapted, CBT-based, third-wave therapy manual intervention among minoritized groups with moderate effect sizes. Satisfaction levels and acceptability were highly rated. The viability and cost-effectiveness of this approach should be explored further to support universal implementation across healthcare systems.