Evaluation of the correlation between interleukin 1β levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid as an adjunctive diagnostic marker with clinical and radiographic parameters for assessing the peri-implant health status

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most important cytokines that seems to have an important role in the inflammatory process in gingival and peri-implant tissues. As peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) provides with a more swift and objective measure of the disease activity, the present study was conducted to evaluate IL-1β level in PICF as a biochemical marker and to investigate its correlation with clinical parameters and radiological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After evaluating all the patients following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients were selected for the study. After 3–4 months of implants placement, the implants were exposed following standard surgical procedure. PICF sample from implant site was taken 3 days after suture removal with gingival former still in place followed by measurement of clinical and radiological parameters. RESULTS: There was significant increase in IL-1β levels in both the follow-ups from baseline with variable and minimal change in the clinical parameters and radiological parameters as well, which shows that IL-1β levels change significantly even when there is a minimal gingival inflammation. CONCLUSION: Therefore, IL-1β level in PICF can be used as an adjunctive diagnostic marker to clinical and radiographic parameters for assessing the peri-implant health status.