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Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent

Animal–robot interaction studies provide outstanding opportunities to understand the principles of social interactions. Here we investigated whether dogs’ behaviour toward a cooperative artificial agent (Unidentified Moving Object (UMO)) is influenced by receiving a reward directly from the agent, a...

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Autores principales: Capitain, Svenja, Miklósi, Ádám, Abdai, Judit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9852237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36658170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27930-8
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author Capitain, Svenja
Miklósi, Ádám
Abdai, Judit
author_facet Capitain, Svenja
Miklósi, Ádám
Abdai, Judit
author_sort Capitain, Svenja
collection PubMed
description Animal–robot interaction studies provide outstanding opportunities to understand the principles of social interactions. Here we investigated whether dogs’ behaviour toward a cooperative artificial agent (Unidentified Moving Object (UMO)) is influenced by receiving a reward directly from the agent, and by variability in the UMO’s location. In a problem-solving task, the UMO either helped dogs to obtain food (Direct Reward Group, DRG) or to fetch an object followed by an indirect reward from the owner/experimenter (Indirect Reward Group, IRG). During the Familiarization, the UMO either started from the same location or changed its starting location in all trials. In the Test phase, dogs faced the same task, but additionally a second, unfamiliar UMO was present. We found that both reward groups gazed at the UMO with decreasing latency during the Familiarization, with the IRG showing more gaze alternations between UMO and hiding location. Dogs showed no preference for either UMO in the Test phase but looked at the familiar UMO sooner if it had changed its location during the Familiarization. Thus, direct reward is not necessary to elicit elements of socially competent behavior in dogs, but variability in its motion may be important to improve the UMO’s animacy and promote flexible learning.
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spelling pubmed-98522372023-01-21 Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent Capitain, Svenja Miklósi, Ádám Abdai, Judit Sci Rep Article Animal–robot interaction studies provide outstanding opportunities to understand the principles of social interactions. Here we investigated whether dogs’ behaviour toward a cooperative artificial agent (Unidentified Moving Object (UMO)) is influenced by receiving a reward directly from the agent, and by variability in the UMO’s location. In a problem-solving task, the UMO either helped dogs to obtain food (Direct Reward Group, DRG) or to fetch an object followed by an indirect reward from the owner/experimenter (Indirect Reward Group, IRG). During the Familiarization, the UMO either started from the same location or changed its starting location in all trials. In the Test phase, dogs faced the same task, but additionally a second, unfamiliar UMO was present. We found that both reward groups gazed at the UMO with decreasing latency during the Familiarization, with the IRG showing more gaze alternations between UMO and hiding location. Dogs showed no preference for either UMO in the Test phase but looked at the familiar UMO sooner if it had changed its location during the Familiarization. Thus, direct reward is not necessary to elicit elements of socially competent behavior in dogs, but variability in its motion may be important to improve the UMO’s animacy and promote flexible learning. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9852237/ /pubmed/36658170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27930-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Capitain, Svenja
Miklósi, Ádám
Abdai, Judit
Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title_full Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title_fullStr Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title_full_unstemmed Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title_short Influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
title_sort influence of reward and location on dogs’ behaviour toward an interactive artificial agent
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9852237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36658170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27930-8
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