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The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study

Background: The role of multifidus in the biomechanics of lumbar spine remained unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of multifidus in the modeling of lumbar spine and the influence of asymmetric multifidus atrophy on the biomechanics of lumbar spine. Methods: This study conside...

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Autores principales: Wang, Kuan, Deng, Zhen, Chen, Xinpeng, Shao, Jiang, Qiu, Lulu, Jiang, Chenghua, Niu, Wenxin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9854514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671639
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010067
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author Wang, Kuan
Deng, Zhen
Chen, Xinpeng
Shao, Jiang
Qiu, Lulu
Jiang, Chenghua
Niu, Wenxin
author_facet Wang, Kuan
Deng, Zhen
Chen, Xinpeng
Shao, Jiang
Qiu, Lulu
Jiang, Chenghua
Niu, Wenxin
author_sort Wang, Kuan
collection PubMed
description Background: The role of multifidus in the biomechanics of lumbar spine remained unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of multifidus in the modeling of lumbar spine and the influence of asymmetric multifidus atrophy on the biomechanics of lumbar spine. Methods: This study considered five different multifidus conditions in the trunk musculoskeletal models: group 1 (with entire multifidus), group 2 (without multifidus), group 3 (multifidus with half of maximum isometric force), group 4 (asymmetric multifidus atrophy on L5/S1 level), and group 5 (asymmetric multifidus atrophy on L4/L5 level). In order to test how different multifidus situations would affect the lumbar spine, four trunk flexional angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) were simulated. The calculation of muscle activation and muscle force was done using static optimization function in OpenSim. Then, joint reaction forces of L5/S1 and L4/L5 levels were calculated and compared among the groups. Results: The models without multifidus had the highest normalized compressive forces on the L4/L5 level in trunk flexion tasks. In extreme cases produced by group 2 models, the normalized compressive forces on L4/L5 level were 444% (30° flexion), 568% (60° flexion), and 576% (90° flexion) of upper body weight, which were 1.82 times, 1.63 times, and 1.13 times as large as the values computed by the corresponding models in group 1. In 90° flexion, the success rate of simulation in group 2 was 49.6%, followed by group 3 (84.4%), group 4 (89.6%), group 5 (92.8%), and group 1 (92.8%). Conclusions: The results demonstrate that incorporating multifidus in the musculoskeletal model is important for increasing the success rate of simulation and decreasing the incidence of overestimation of compressive load on the lumbar spine. Asymmetric multifidus atrophy has negligible effect on the lower lumbar spine in the trunk flexion posture. The results highlighted the fine-tuning ability of multifidus in equilibrating the loads on the lower back and the necessity of incorporating multifidus in trunk musculoskeletal modeling.
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spelling pubmed-98545142023-01-21 The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study Wang, Kuan Deng, Zhen Chen, Xinpeng Shao, Jiang Qiu, Lulu Jiang, Chenghua Niu, Wenxin Bioengineering (Basel) Article Background: The role of multifidus in the biomechanics of lumbar spine remained unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of multifidus in the modeling of lumbar spine and the influence of asymmetric multifidus atrophy on the biomechanics of lumbar spine. Methods: This study considered five different multifidus conditions in the trunk musculoskeletal models: group 1 (with entire multifidus), group 2 (without multifidus), group 3 (multifidus with half of maximum isometric force), group 4 (asymmetric multifidus atrophy on L5/S1 level), and group 5 (asymmetric multifidus atrophy on L4/L5 level). In order to test how different multifidus situations would affect the lumbar spine, four trunk flexional angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) were simulated. The calculation of muscle activation and muscle force was done using static optimization function in OpenSim. Then, joint reaction forces of L5/S1 and L4/L5 levels were calculated and compared among the groups. Results: The models without multifidus had the highest normalized compressive forces on the L4/L5 level in trunk flexion tasks. In extreme cases produced by group 2 models, the normalized compressive forces on L4/L5 level were 444% (30° flexion), 568% (60° flexion), and 576% (90° flexion) of upper body weight, which were 1.82 times, 1.63 times, and 1.13 times as large as the values computed by the corresponding models in group 1. In 90° flexion, the success rate of simulation in group 2 was 49.6%, followed by group 3 (84.4%), group 4 (89.6%), group 5 (92.8%), and group 1 (92.8%). Conclusions: The results demonstrate that incorporating multifidus in the musculoskeletal model is important for increasing the success rate of simulation and decreasing the incidence of overestimation of compressive load on the lumbar spine. Asymmetric multifidus atrophy has negligible effect on the lower lumbar spine in the trunk flexion posture. The results highlighted the fine-tuning ability of multifidus in equilibrating the loads on the lower back and the necessity of incorporating multifidus in trunk musculoskeletal modeling. MDPI 2023-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9854514/ /pubmed/36671639 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010067 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Kuan
Deng, Zhen
Chen, Xinpeng
Shao, Jiang
Qiu, Lulu
Jiang, Chenghua
Niu, Wenxin
The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title_full The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title_fullStr The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title_short The Role of Multifidus in the Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine: A Musculoskeletal Modeling Study
title_sort role of multifidus in the biomechanics of lumbar spine: a musculoskeletal modeling study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9854514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671639
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010067
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