Cargando…
Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging challenge to global public health. The use of antibiotics in the veterinary field is one of the contributing factors to AMR mostly due to poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dispensers. Veterinary drug dispensers are expected to guide clien...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9855151/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010149 |
_version_ | 1784873309067804672 |
---|---|
author | Kainga, Henson Phonera, Marvin Collen Chikowe, Ibrahim Chatanga, Elisha Nyirongo, Hlupikire Luwe, Mike Mponela, James Kachisi, Vincent Kamanga, Nathani Chulu, Julius Njunga, Gilson Nabadda, Daisy Fonchin, Alyce Kallu, Simegnew Adugna Mudenda, Steward Tembo, Rabecca Zulu, Mildred Mwaba, Florence Mbewe, Natalia Mpundu, Prudence Samutela, Mulemba Tillika Munyeme, Musso Muma, John Bwalya Simulundu, Edgar |
author_facet | Kainga, Henson Phonera, Marvin Collen Chikowe, Ibrahim Chatanga, Elisha Nyirongo, Hlupikire Luwe, Mike Mponela, James Kachisi, Vincent Kamanga, Nathani Chulu, Julius Njunga, Gilson Nabadda, Daisy Fonchin, Alyce Kallu, Simegnew Adugna Mudenda, Steward Tembo, Rabecca Zulu, Mildred Mwaba, Florence Mbewe, Natalia Mpundu, Prudence Samutela, Mulemba Tillika Munyeme, Musso Muma, John Bwalya Simulundu, Edgar |
author_sort | Kainga, Henson |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging challenge to global public health. The use of antibiotics in the veterinary field is one of the contributing factors to AMR mostly due to poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dispensers. Veterinary drug dispensers are expected to guide clients on indications, contraindications, and withdrawal periods of veterinary drugs. This study assessed veterinary drug dispensers’ KAP toward AMR and associated potential contributing factors. A cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire, was conducted in three main cities of Malawi, namely Mzuzu, Lilongwe, and Blantyre. A total of 68 agrovet shops were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The KAP level was presented descriptively. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were run to investigate the relationships between the independent and outcome variable. Overall, the KAP score for knowledge, attitude, and practices was 46.7%, 49.2%, and 41.6%, respectively. The significant determinants of the knowledge were the practice of asking for a written prescription (OR: 16.291, 95% CI: 11.6–24.2) (p = 0.024), female (OR: 0.609, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9) (p = 0.001), and old age (≥35) (OR: 0.227, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5) (p = 0.04). Poor knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practices were observed among most of the participants. Sensitization and training on AMR and antimicrobial stewardship are recommended to address the KAP score gaps and the observed determinants among veterinary drug dispensers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9855151 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98551512023-01-21 Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship Kainga, Henson Phonera, Marvin Collen Chikowe, Ibrahim Chatanga, Elisha Nyirongo, Hlupikire Luwe, Mike Mponela, James Kachisi, Vincent Kamanga, Nathani Chulu, Julius Njunga, Gilson Nabadda, Daisy Fonchin, Alyce Kallu, Simegnew Adugna Mudenda, Steward Tembo, Rabecca Zulu, Mildred Mwaba, Florence Mbewe, Natalia Mpundu, Prudence Samutela, Mulemba Tillika Munyeme, Musso Muma, John Bwalya Simulundu, Edgar Antibiotics (Basel) Article Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging challenge to global public health. The use of antibiotics in the veterinary field is one of the contributing factors to AMR mostly due to poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dispensers. Veterinary drug dispensers are expected to guide clients on indications, contraindications, and withdrawal periods of veterinary drugs. This study assessed veterinary drug dispensers’ KAP toward AMR and associated potential contributing factors. A cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire, was conducted in three main cities of Malawi, namely Mzuzu, Lilongwe, and Blantyre. A total of 68 agrovet shops were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The KAP level was presented descriptively. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were run to investigate the relationships between the independent and outcome variable. Overall, the KAP score for knowledge, attitude, and practices was 46.7%, 49.2%, and 41.6%, respectively. The significant determinants of the knowledge were the practice of asking for a written prescription (OR: 16.291, 95% CI: 11.6–24.2) (p = 0.024), female (OR: 0.609, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9) (p = 0.001), and old age (≥35) (OR: 0.227, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5) (p = 0.04). Poor knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practices were observed among most of the participants. Sensitization and training on AMR and antimicrobial stewardship are recommended to address the KAP score gaps and the observed determinants among veterinary drug dispensers. MDPI 2023-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9855151/ /pubmed/36671349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010149 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kainga, Henson Phonera, Marvin Collen Chikowe, Ibrahim Chatanga, Elisha Nyirongo, Hlupikire Luwe, Mike Mponela, James Kachisi, Vincent Kamanga, Nathani Chulu, Julius Njunga, Gilson Nabadda, Daisy Fonchin, Alyce Kallu, Simegnew Adugna Mudenda, Steward Tembo, Rabecca Zulu, Mildred Mwaba, Florence Mbewe, Natalia Mpundu, Prudence Samutela, Mulemba Tillika Munyeme, Musso Muma, John Bwalya Simulundu, Edgar Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title | Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title_full | Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title_fullStr | Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title_short | Determinants of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Veterinary Drug Dispensers toward Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Main Cities of Malawi: A Concern on Antibiotic Stewardship |
title_sort | determinants of knowledge, attitude, and practices of veterinary drug dispensers toward antimicrobial use and resistance in main cities of malawi: a concern on antibiotic stewardship |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9855151/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010149 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kaingahenson determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT phoneramarvincollen determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT chikoweibrahim determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT chatangaelisha determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT nyirongohlupikire determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT luwemike determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mponelajames determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT kachisivincent determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT kamanganathani determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT chulujulius determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT njungagilson determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT nabaddadaisy determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT fonchinalyce determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT kallusimegnewadugna determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mudendasteward determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT temborabecca determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT zulumildred determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mwabaflorence determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mbewenatalia determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mpunduprudence determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT samutelamulembatillika determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT munyememusso determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT mumajohnbwalya determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship AT simulunduedgar determinantsofknowledgeattitudeandpracticesofveterinarydrugdispenserstowardantimicrobialuseandresistanceinmaincitiesofmalawiaconcernonantibioticstewardship |