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Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies
Over the past two decades, novel hallmarks of cancer have been described, including the altered epigenetic landscape of malignant diseases. In addition to the methylation and hyd-roxymethylation of DNA, numerous novel forms of histone modifications and nucleosome remodeling have been discovered, giv...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9855367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13010061 |
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author | Gaál, Zsuzsanna |
author_facet | Gaál, Zsuzsanna |
author_sort | Gaál, Zsuzsanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Over the past two decades, novel hallmarks of cancer have been described, including the altered epigenetic landscape of malignant diseases. In addition to the methylation and hyd-roxymethylation of DNA, numerous novel forms of histone modifications and nucleosome remodeling have been discovered, giving rise to a wide variety of targeted therapeutic interventions. DNA hypomethylating drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors and agents targeting histone methylation machinery are of distinguished clinical significance. The major focus of this review is placed on targeted epigenetic interventions in the most common pediatric malignancies, including acute leukemias, brain and kidney tumors, neuroblastoma and soft tissue sarcomas. Upcoming novel challenges include specificity and potential undesirable side effects. Different epigenetic patterns of pediatric and adult cancers should be noted. Biological significance of epigenetic alterations highly depends on the tissue microenvironment and widespread interactions. An individualized treatment approach requires detailed genetic, epigenetic and metabolomic evaluation of cancer. Advances in molecular technologies and clinical translation may contribute to the development of novel pediatric anticancer treatment strategies, aiming for improved survival and better patient quality of life. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9855367 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98553672023-01-21 Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies Gaál, Zsuzsanna Biomolecules Review Over the past two decades, novel hallmarks of cancer have been described, including the altered epigenetic landscape of malignant diseases. In addition to the methylation and hyd-roxymethylation of DNA, numerous novel forms of histone modifications and nucleosome remodeling have been discovered, giving rise to a wide variety of targeted therapeutic interventions. DNA hypomethylating drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors and agents targeting histone methylation machinery are of distinguished clinical significance. The major focus of this review is placed on targeted epigenetic interventions in the most common pediatric malignancies, including acute leukemias, brain and kidney tumors, neuroblastoma and soft tissue sarcomas. Upcoming novel challenges include specificity and potential undesirable side effects. Different epigenetic patterns of pediatric and adult cancers should be noted. Biological significance of epigenetic alterations highly depends on the tissue microenvironment and widespread interactions. An individualized treatment approach requires detailed genetic, epigenetic and metabolomic evaluation of cancer. Advances in molecular technologies and clinical translation may contribute to the development of novel pediatric anticancer treatment strategies, aiming for improved survival and better patient quality of life. MDPI 2022-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9855367/ /pubmed/36671446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13010061 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Gaál, Zsuzsanna Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title | Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title_full | Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title_fullStr | Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title_full_unstemmed | Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title_short | Targeted Epigenetic Interventions in Cancer with an Emphasis on Pediatric Malignancies |
title_sort | targeted epigenetic interventions in cancer with an emphasis on pediatric malignancies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9855367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36671446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13010061 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gaalzsuzsanna targetedepigeneticinterventionsincancerwithanemphasisonpediatricmalignancies |