The Role of Intratumor Microbiomes in Cervical Cancer Metastasis

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Microbiomes are thought to be an essential characteristic of tumors, influencing their development and progression. We found and validated certain microbiomes associated with tumor metastasis in cervical cancer samples. Furthermore, we attempted to elucidate the mechanism of the interaction between microbiomes and host cells utilizing a multiomics study. Finally, we developed an excellent prognostic prediction model for cervical cancer employing these microbiomes and their linked differentially expressed genes. This study conducted novel research concerning the link between tumor microbiomes and the host, highlighting the role of microbiomes in cervical cancer metastasis. ABSTRACT: Background: Intratumor microbiomes can influence tumorigenesis and progression. The relationship between intratumor microbiomes and cervical cancer metastasis, however, remains unclear. Methods: We examined 294 cervical cancer samples together with information on microbial expression, identified metastasis-associated microbiomes, and used machine learning methods to validate their predictive ability on tumor metastasis. The tumors were subsequently typed based on differences in microbial expression. Differentially expressed genes in different tumor types were combined to construct a tumor-prognostic risk score model and a multiparameter nomogram model. In addition, we performed a functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes to infer the mechanism of action between microbiomes and tumor cells. Results: Based on the 15 differentially expressed microbiomes, machine learning models were able to correctly predict the risk of cervical cancer metastasis. In addition, both the risk score and the nomogram model accurately predicted tumor prognosis. Differences in the expression of endogenous genes in tumors can influence the distribution of the intracellular microbiomes. Conclusions: Intratumoral microbiomes in cervical cancer are associated with tumor metastasis and influence disease prognosis. A change in gene expression within tumor cells is responsible for differences in the microbial populations within the tumor.