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Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test

Visual assessment in preverbal children mostly relies on the preferential looking paradigm. It requires an experienced observer to interpret the child’s responses to a stimulus. DIVE (Device for an Integral Visual Examination) is a digital tool with an integrated eye tracker (ET) that lifts this req...

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Autores principales: Pérez Roche, María Teresa, Yam, Jason C., Liu, Hu, Gutierrez, Diego, Pham, Chau, Balasanyan, Victoria, García, Gerardo, Cedillo Ley, Mauricio, de Fernando, Sandra, Ortín, Marta, Pueyo, Victoria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9856886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36670638
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10010087
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author Pérez Roche, María Teresa
Yam, Jason C.
Liu, Hu
Gutierrez, Diego
Pham, Chau
Balasanyan, Victoria
García, Gerardo
Cedillo Ley, Mauricio
de Fernando, Sandra
Ortín, Marta
Pueyo, Victoria
author_facet Pérez Roche, María Teresa
Yam, Jason C.
Liu, Hu
Gutierrez, Diego
Pham, Chau
Balasanyan, Victoria
García, Gerardo
Cedillo Ley, Mauricio
de Fernando, Sandra
Ortín, Marta
Pueyo, Victoria
author_sort Pérez Roche, María Teresa
collection PubMed
description Visual assessment in preverbal children mostly relies on the preferential looking paradigm. It requires an experienced observer to interpret the child’s responses to a stimulus. DIVE (Device for an Integral Visual Examination) is a digital tool with an integrated eye tracker (ET) that lifts this requirement and automatizes this process. The aim of our study was to assess the development of two visual functions, visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS), with DIVE, in a large sample of children from 6 months to 14 years (y) of age, and to compare the results of preterm and full-term children. Participants were recruited in clinical settings from five countries. There were 2208 children tested, 609 of them were born preterm. Both VA and CS improved throughout childhood, with the maximum increase during the first 5 years of age. Gestational age, refractive error and age had an impact on VA results, while CS values were only influenced by age. With this study we report normative reference outcomes for VA and CS throughout childhood and validate the DIVE tests as a useful tool to measure basic visual functions in children.
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spelling pubmed-98568862023-01-21 Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test Pérez Roche, María Teresa Yam, Jason C. Liu, Hu Gutierrez, Diego Pham, Chau Balasanyan, Victoria García, Gerardo Cedillo Ley, Mauricio de Fernando, Sandra Ortín, Marta Pueyo, Victoria Children (Basel) Article Visual assessment in preverbal children mostly relies on the preferential looking paradigm. It requires an experienced observer to interpret the child’s responses to a stimulus. DIVE (Device for an Integral Visual Examination) is a digital tool with an integrated eye tracker (ET) that lifts this requirement and automatizes this process. The aim of our study was to assess the development of two visual functions, visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS), with DIVE, in a large sample of children from 6 months to 14 years (y) of age, and to compare the results of preterm and full-term children. Participants were recruited in clinical settings from five countries. There were 2208 children tested, 609 of them were born preterm. Both VA and CS improved throughout childhood, with the maximum increase during the first 5 years of age. Gestational age, refractive error and age had an impact on VA results, while CS values were only influenced by age. With this study we report normative reference outcomes for VA and CS throughout childhood and validate the DIVE tests as a useful tool to measure basic visual functions in children. MDPI 2022-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9856886/ /pubmed/36670638 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10010087 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pérez Roche, María Teresa
Yam, Jason C.
Liu, Hu
Gutierrez, Diego
Pham, Chau
Balasanyan, Victoria
García, Gerardo
Cedillo Ley, Mauricio
de Fernando, Sandra
Ortín, Marta
Pueyo, Victoria
Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title_full Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title_fullStr Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title_full_unstemmed Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title_short Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Preterm and Full-Term Children Using a Novel Digital Test
title_sort visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in preterm and full-term children using a novel digital test
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9856886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36670638
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10010087
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