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Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. Acc...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857472/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030 |
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author | Guedj, Nathalie |
author_facet | Guedj, Nathalie |
author_sort | Guedj, Nathalie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. According to their location on the biliary tract, intrahepatic, perihilar (p) and distal (d) CCA can be individualized. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) are subdivided into small duct type iCCA and large duct type iCCA, according to the level or size of the biliary duct affected. These two subgroups are characterized by distinct risk factors, gross aspect, histopathological and molecular features, and therapeutic management. The role of biopsy in iCCA is to confirm the diagnosis and to eliminate various differential diagnostics, in particular, metastases. In p/d CCA, biopsy requires more invasive approaches, and tissue samples are difficult to obtain, leading to a high rate of false negatives. In this review, we will discuss the different classifications of CCA (anatomical and macroscopic). We will describe the various microscopic and phenotypic subtypes of CCA. Finally, we will deal with their mode of extension, the role of biopsy and pre-neoplastic lesions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9857472 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98574722023-01-21 Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas Guedj, Nathalie Curr Oncol Review Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. According to their location on the biliary tract, intrahepatic, perihilar (p) and distal (d) CCA can be individualized. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) are subdivided into small duct type iCCA and large duct type iCCA, according to the level or size of the biliary duct affected. These two subgroups are characterized by distinct risk factors, gross aspect, histopathological and molecular features, and therapeutic management. The role of biopsy in iCCA is to confirm the diagnosis and to eliminate various differential diagnostics, in particular, metastases. In p/d CCA, biopsy requires more invasive approaches, and tissue samples are difficult to obtain, leading to a high rate of false negatives. In this review, we will discuss the different classifications of CCA (anatomical and macroscopic). We will describe the various microscopic and phenotypic subtypes of CCA. Finally, we will deal with their mode of extension, the role of biopsy and pre-neoplastic lesions. MDPI 2022-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9857472/ /pubmed/36661679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Guedj, Nathalie Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title | Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title_full | Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title_fullStr | Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title_full_unstemmed | Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title_short | Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas |
title_sort | pathology of cholangiocarcinomas |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857472/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT guedjnathalie pathologyofcholangiocarcinomas |