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Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas

Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. Acc...

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Autor principal: Guedj, Nathalie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030
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author Guedj, Nathalie
author_facet Guedj, Nathalie
author_sort Guedj, Nathalie
collection PubMed
description Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. According to their location on the biliary tract, intrahepatic, perihilar (p) and distal (d) CCA can be individualized. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) are subdivided into small duct type iCCA and large duct type iCCA, according to the level or size of the biliary duct affected. These two subgroups are characterized by distinct risk factors, gross aspect, histopathological and molecular features, and therapeutic management. The role of biopsy in iCCA is to confirm the diagnosis and to eliminate various differential diagnostics, in particular, metastases. In p/d CCA, biopsy requires more invasive approaches, and tissue samples are difficult to obtain, leading to a high rate of false negatives. In this review, we will discuss the different classifications of CCA (anatomical and macroscopic). We will describe the various microscopic and phenotypic subtypes of CCA. Finally, we will deal with their mode of extension, the role of biopsy and pre-neoplastic lesions.
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spelling pubmed-98574722023-01-21 Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas Guedj, Nathalie Curr Oncol Review Cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) are heterogeneous tumors that arise from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. They represent the second primary liver malignancy, after hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent epidemiological data show an increased incidence of intrahepatic CCA without any identified causes. According to their location on the biliary tract, intrahepatic, perihilar (p) and distal (d) CCA can be individualized. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) are subdivided into small duct type iCCA and large duct type iCCA, according to the level or size of the biliary duct affected. These two subgroups are characterized by distinct risk factors, gross aspect, histopathological and molecular features, and therapeutic management. The role of biopsy in iCCA is to confirm the diagnosis and to eliminate various differential diagnostics, in particular, metastases. In p/d CCA, biopsy requires more invasive approaches, and tissue samples are difficult to obtain, leading to a high rate of false negatives. In this review, we will discuss the different classifications of CCA (anatomical and macroscopic). We will describe the various microscopic and phenotypic subtypes of CCA. Finally, we will deal with their mode of extension, the role of biopsy and pre-neoplastic lesions. MDPI 2022-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9857472/ /pubmed/36661679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Guedj, Nathalie
Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title_full Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title_fullStr Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title_full_unstemmed Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title_short Pathology of Cholangiocarcinomas
title_sort pathology of cholangiocarcinomas
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010030
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