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Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review

Spinal cord injury (SCI) where the lower motor neuron is compromised leads to atrophy and degenerative changes in the respective muscle. This type of lesion becomes especially critical when the gluteal muscles and/or the hamstrings are affected as they usually offer a cushioning effect to protect fr...

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Autores principales: Alberty, Marie, Mayr, Winfried, Bersch, Ines
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36673029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020219
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author Alberty, Marie
Mayr, Winfried
Bersch, Ines
author_facet Alberty, Marie
Mayr, Winfried
Bersch, Ines
author_sort Alberty, Marie
collection PubMed
description Spinal cord injury (SCI) where the lower motor neuron is compromised leads to atrophy and degenerative changes in the respective muscle. This type of lesion becomes especially critical when the gluteal muscles and/or the hamstrings are affected as they usually offer a cushioning effect to protect from skin injuries. Previous research conducted over the past 30 years has made advancements in the development of parameters for the optimal application of long pulse stimulation with the aim to restore muscle structure and trophic aspects in people with chronic SCI (<20 years post-injury). This work provides an overview of previous achievements in the field through a narrative literature review before presenting preliminary results in the form of a case series from an ongoing study investigating the acute effects of six months of long pulse stimulation on the tissue composition of the gluteal muscles in five people with chronic SCI (>20 years post-injury). Participants underwent a 33-min home-based long pulse stimulation program five times a week, and their muscle and adipose tissue thicknesses were assessed at baseline, after three and six months, respectively, using magnetic resonance imaging. The results show that the largest increase in muscle thickness occurred at the level of the height of the acetabulum (+44.37%; χ(2)(2) = 0.5; p = 0.779), whereas the most important decrease in adipose tissue occurred at the level of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) reference (−11.43%; χ(2)(2) = 1.6; p = 0.449) within only six months of regular stimulation despite the preceding long denervation period. The underlying mechanism and physiology of muscular resuscitation from myofibrillar debris as presented in chronic denervation to functional contractile entities remain to be investigated further.
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spelling pubmed-98579442023-01-21 Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review Alberty, Marie Mayr, Winfried Bersch, Ines Diagnostics (Basel) Article Spinal cord injury (SCI) where the lower motor neuron is compromised leads to atrophy and degenerative changes in the respective muscle. This type of lesion becomes especially critical when the gluteal muscles and/or the hamstrings are affected as they usually offer a cushioning effect to protect from skin injuries. Previous research conducted over the past 30 years has made advancements in the development of parameters for the optimal application of long pulse stimulation with the aim to restore muscle structure and trophic aspects in people with chronic SCI (<20 years post-injury). This work provides an overview of previous achievements in the field through a narrative literature review before presenting preliminary results in the form of a case series from an ongoing study investigating the acute effects of six months of long pulse stimulation on the tissue composition of the gluteal muscles in five people with chronic SCI (>20 years post-injury). Participants underwent a 33-min home-based long pulse stimulation program five times a week, and their muscle and adipose tissue thicknesses were assessed at baseline, after three and six months, respectively, using magnetic resonance imaging. The results show that the largest increase in muscle thickness occurred at the level of the height of the acetabulum (+44.37%; χ(2)(2) = 0.5; p = 0.779), whereas the most important decrease in adipose tissue occurred at the level of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) reference (−11.43%; χ(2)(2) = 1.6; p = 0.449) within only six months of regular stimulation despite the preceding long denervation period. The underlying mechanism and physiology of muscular resuscitation from myofibrillar debris as presented in chronic denervation to functional contractile entities remain to be investigated further. MDPI 2023-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9857944/ /pubmed/36673029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020219 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Alberty, Marie
Mayr, Winfried
Bersch, Ines
Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title_full Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title_fullStr Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title_short Electrical Stimulation for Preventing Skin Injuries in Denervated Gluteal Muscles—Promising Perspectives from a Case Series and Narrative Review
title_sort electrical stimulation for preventing skin injuries in denervated gluteal muscles—promising perspectives from a case series and narrative review
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9857944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36673029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020219
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