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Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode

Rotating-disc electrodes (RDEs) are favored technologies for analyzing electrochemical processes in electrically charged cells and other revolving machines, such as engines, compressors, gearboxes, and generators. The model is based on the concept of the nonlinear entropy convection-diffusion equati...

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Autores principales: Alshammari, Fahad Sameer, Jan, Hamad, Sulaiman, Muhammad, Prathumwan, Din, Laouini, Ghaylen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36673275
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010134
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author Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
Jan, Hamad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Prathumwan, Din
Laouini, Ghaylen
author_facet Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
Jan, Hamad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Prathumwan, Din
Laouini, Ghaylen
author_sort Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
collection PubMed
description Rotating-disc electrodes (RDEs) are favored technologies for analyzing electrochemical processes in electrically charged cells and other revolving machines, such as engines, compressors, gearboxes, and generators. The model is based on the concept of the nonlinear entropy convection-diffusion equations, which are constructed using semi-boundaries as an infinite notion. In this model, the surrogate solutions with different parameter values for the mathematical characterization of non-dimensional [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ion concentrations at a rotating-disc electrode (RDE) are investigated using an intelligent hybrid technique by utilizing neural networks (NN) and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA). Reference solutions were calculated using the RK-4 numerical method. Through the training, validation, and testing sampling of reference solutions, the NN-BLMA approximations were recorded. Error histograms, absolute error, curve fitting graphs, and regression graphs validated the NN-BLMA’s resilience and accuracy for the problem. Additionally, the comparison graphs between the reference solution and the NN-BLMA procedure established that our paradigm is reliable and accurate.
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spelling pubmed-98585512023-01-21 Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode Alshammari, Fahad Sameer Jan, Hamad Sulaiman, Muhammad Prathumwan, Din Laouini, Ghaylen Entropy (Basel) Article Rotating-disc electrodes (RDEs) are favored technologies for analyzing electrochemical processes in electrically charged cells and other revolving machines, such as engines, compressors, gearboxes, and generators. The model is based on the concept of the nonlinear entropy convection-diffusion equations, which are constructed using semi-boundaries as an infinite notion. In this model, the surrogate solutions with different parameter values for the mathematical characterization of non-dimensional [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ion concentrations at a rotating-disc electrode (RDE) are investigated using an intelligent hybrid technique by utilizing neural networks (NN) and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA). Reference solutions were calculated using the RK-4 numerical method. Through the training, validation, and testing sampling of reference solutions, the NN-BLMA approximations were recorded. Error histograms, absolute error, curve fitting graphs, and regression graphs validated the NN-BLMA’s resilience and accuracy for the problem. Additionally, the comparison graphs between the reference solution and the NN-BLMA procedure established that our paradigm is reliable and accurate. MDPI 2023-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9858551/ /pubmed/36673275 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010134 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Alshammari, Fahad Sameer
Jan, Hamad
Sulaiman, Muhammad
Prathumwan, Din
Laouini, Ghaylen
Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title_full Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title_fullStr Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title_short Quantitative Study of Non-Linear Convection Diffusion Equations for a Rotating-Disc Electrode
title_sort quantitative study of non-linear convection diffusion equations for a rotating-disc electrode
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36673275
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010134
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