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Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying

In this study, we present a detailed comparison between a conventional supercritical drying process and an evaporative drying technique for hierarchically organized porous silica gel monoliths. These gels are based on a model system synthesized by the aqueous sol–gel processing of an ethylene-glycol...

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Autores principales: Kohns, Richard, Torres-Rodríguez, Jorge, Euchler, Daniel, Seyffertitz, Malina, Paris, Oskar, Reichenauer, Gudrun, Enke, Dirk, Huesing, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661837
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9010071
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author Kohns, Richard
Torres-Rodríguez, Jorge
Euchler, Daniel
Seyffertitz, Malina
Paris, Oskar
Reichenauer, Gudrun
Enke, Dirk
Huesing, Nicola
author_facet Kohns, Richard
Torres-Rodríguez, Jorge
Euchler, Daniel
Seyffertitz, Malina
Paris, Oskar
Reichenauer, Gudrun
Enke, Dirk
Huesing, Nicola
author_sort Kohns, Richard
collection PubMed
description In this study, we present a detailed comparison between a conventional supercritical drying process and an evaporative drying technique for hierarchically organized porous silica gel monoliths. These gels are based on a model system synthesized by the aqueous sol–gel processing of an ethylene-glycol-modified silane, resulting in a cellular, macroporous, strut-based network comprising anisotropic, periodically arranged mesopores formed by microporous amorphous silica. The effect of the two drying procedures on the pore properties (specific surface area, pore volume, and pore widths) and on the shrinkage of the monolith is evaluated through a comprehensive characterization by using nitrogen physisorption, electron microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. It can clearly be demonstrated that for the hierarchically organized porous solids, the evaporative drying procedure can compete without the need for surface modification with the commonly applied supercritical drying in terms of the material and textural properties, such as specific surface area and pore volume. The thus obtained materials deliver a high specific surface area and exhibit overall comparable or even improved pore characteristics to monoliths prepared by supercritical drying. Additionally, the pore properties can be tailored to some extent by adjusting the drying conditions, such as temperature.
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spelling pubmed-98586062023-01-21 Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying Kohns, Richard Torres-Rodríguez, Jorge Euchler, Daniel Seyffertitz, Malina Paris, Oskar Reichenauer, Gudrun Enke, Dirk Huesing, Nicola Gels Article In this study, we present a detailed comparison between a conventional supercritical drying process and an evaporative drying technique for hierarchically organized porous silica gel monoliths. These gels are based on a model system synthesized by the aqueous sol–gel processing of an ethylene-glycol-modified silane, resulting in a cellular, macroporous, strut-based network comprising anisotropic, periodically arranged mesopores formed by microporous amorphous silica. The effect of the two drying procedures on the pore properties (specific surface area, pore volume, and pore widths) and on the shrinkage of the monolith is evaluated through a comprehensive characterization by using nitrogen physisorption, electron microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. It can clearly be demonstrated that for the hierarchically organized porous solids, the evaporative drying procedure can compete without the need for surface modification with the commonly applied supercritical drying in terms of the material and textural properties, such as specific surface area and pore volume. The thus obtained materials deliver a high specific surface area and exhibit overall comparable or even improved pore characteristics to monoliths prepared by supercritical drying. Additionally, the pore properties can be tailored to some extent by adjusting the drying conditions, such as temperature. MDPI 2023-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9858606/ /pubmed/36661837 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9010071 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kohns, Richard
Torres-Rodríguez, Jorge
Euchler, Daniel
Seyffertitz, Malina
Paris, Oskar
Reichenauer, Gudrun
Enke, Dirk
Huesing, Nicola
Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title_full Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title_fullStr Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title_full_unstemmed Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title_short Drying of Hierarchically Organized Porous Silica Monoliths–Comparison of Evaporative and Supercritical Drying
title_sort drying of hierarchically organized porous silica monoliths–comparison of evaporative and supercritical drying
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858606/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36661837
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9010071
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