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Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)

In this paper, we aimed at developing and validating a novel instrument to evaluate personality in 10–14 years old adolescents with six basic traits, with two dedicated studies. In Study 1, we generated a large pool of items (384 items) from three basic items sources, which we administered to 714 It...

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Autores principales: Gnisci, Augusto, Mottola, Francesca, Perugini, Marco, Senese, Vincenzo Paolo, Sergi, Ida
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36662893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280563
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author Gnisci, Augusto
Mottola, Francesca
Perugini, Marco
Senese, Vincenzo Paolo
Sergi, Ida
author_facet Gnisci, Augusto
Mottola, Francesca
Perugini, Marco
Senese, Vincenzo Paolo
Sergi, Ida
author_sort Gnisci, Augusto
collection PubMed
description In this paper, we aimed at developing and validating a novel instrument to evaluate personality in 10–14 years old adolescents with six basic traits, with two dedicated studies. In Study 1, we generated a large pool of items (384 items) from three basic items sources, which we administered to 714 Italian adolescents. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and extension factor analysis, we selected the best eight items for each facet, and so the best 32 items for each factor, except for the Unconventionality facet of Openness to Experience (O) for which we selected the best six items. This resulted in a total of 190 items. The 190-item HEXACO-MSI had very good levels of dimensional validity and reliability, but it fell short in containing 8 items for each facet (i.e., for Unconventionality) and in balancing normal and reversed items within each facet. Therefore, in a second study we added items to the scale and verified again the dimensionality and reliability with the goal of developing a final version of the scale. In Study 2, we administered a version of the HEXACO-MSI consisting of 219 items to 1175 Italian adolescents. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we selected the best eight items for each facet equally balanced between normal and reversed items within each facet and factor. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the six-factor structure and its invariance. The results showed that the HEXACO-MSI-E had a clear six-factor structure in adolescents, that was invariant across gender and across the three middle school classes, and was reliable. Finally, we established temporal stability of each factor in two measurements after one year. Together with the positive results of this contribution, we discussed some aspects for future studies.
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spelling pubmed-98588232023-01-21 Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E) Gnisci, Augusto Mottola, Francesca Perugini, Marco Senese, Vincenzo Paolo Sergi, Ida PLoS One Research Article In this paper, we aimed at developing and validating a novel instrument to evaluate personality in 10–14 years old adolescents with six basic traits, with two dedicated studies. In Study 1, we generated a large pool of items (384 items) from three basic items sources, which we administered to 714 Italian adolescents. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and extension factor analysis, we selected the best eight items for each facet, and so the best 32 items for each factor, except for the Unconventionality facet of Openness to Experience (O) for which we selected the best six items. This resulted in a total of 190 items. The 190-item HEXACO-MSI had very good levels of dimensional validity and reliability, but it fell short in containing 8 items for each facet (i.e., for Unconventionality) and in balancing normal and reversed items within each facet. Therefore, in a second study we added items to the scale and verified again the dimensionality and reliability with the goal of developing a final version of the scale. In Study 2, we administered a version of the HEXACO-MSI consisting of 219 items to 1175 Italian adolescents. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we selected the best eight items for each facet equally balanced between normal and reversed items within each facet and factor. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the six-factor structure and its invariance. The results showed that the HEXACO-MSI-E had a clear six-factor structure in adolescents, that was invariant across gender and across the three middle school classes, and was reliable. Finally, we established temporal stability of each factor in two measurements after one year. Together with the positive results of this contribution, we discussed some aspects for future studies. Public Library of Science 2023-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9858823/ /pubmed/36662893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280563 Text en © 2023 Gnisci et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Gnisci, Augusto
Mottola, Francesca
Perugini, Marco
Senese, Vincenzo Paolo
Sergi, Ida
Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title_full Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title_fullStr Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title_full_unstemmed Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title_short Development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: The HEXACO Medium School Inventory Extended (MSI-E)
title_sort development and validation of an instrument to measure personality in adolescence: the hexaco medium school inventory extended (msi-e)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9858823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36662893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280563
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