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Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review
Skydiving have gained mainstream popularity over the past decades. However, limited data exist on the injury risk or type associated with skydiving. This systematic review evaluated the injuries and fatalities of civilian skydivers. A PRISMA-guided literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Web of...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9859333/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36674008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021254 |
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author | Barthel, Christiane Halvachizadeh, Sacha Gamble, Jamison G. Pape, Hans-Christoph Rauer, Thomas |
author_facet | Barthel, Christiane Halvachizadeh, Sacha Gamble, Jamison G. Pape, Hans-Christoph Rauer, Thomas |
author_sort | Barthel, Christiane |
collection | PubMed |
description | Skydiving have gained mainstream popularity over the past decades. However, limited data exist on the injury risk or type associated with skydiving. This systematic review evaluated the injuries and fatalities of civilian skydivers. A PRISMA-guided literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase using the following MeSH terms: “skydiving” or “parachute” alone or in combination with “injury” or “trauma” was performed including all studies through June 2022 in both English and German. Additionally, injury reports from the German, American, and British Parachute Associations were reviewed. Of the 277 articles matching the selected search terms, 10 original articles and 34 non-scientific reports from various skydiving associations were included. More than 62 million jumps were evaluated, with an average of 3,200,000 jumps per year, which showed an average injury rate of 0.044% and an average fatality rate of 0.0011%. The most common injuries sustained by recreational skydivers involved the lumbar spine and lower extremities. Injuries were most commonly reported during the landing sequence. With modern equipment and training methods, fatalities occur in less than 1 per 100,000 cases, and serious injuries requiring hospitalization in less than 2 per 10,000 cases. This puts the assessment of skydiving as a high-risk sport into perspective. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9859333 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98593332023-01-21 Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review Barthel, Christiane Halvachizadeh, Sacha Gamble, Jamison G. Pape, Hans-Christoph Rauer, Thomas Int J Environ Res Public Health Systematic Review Skydiving have gained mainstream popularity over the past decades. However, limited data exist on the injury risk or type associated with skydiving. This systematic review evaluated the injuries and fatalities of civilian skydivers. A PRISMA-guided literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase using the following MeSH terms: “skydiving” or “parachute” alone or in combination with “injury” or “trauma” was performed including all studies through June 2022 in both English and German. Additionally, injury reports from the German, American, and British Parachute Associations were reviewed. Of the 277 articles matching the selected search terms, 10 original articles and 34 non-scientific reports from various skydiving associations were included. More than 62 million jumps were evaluated, with an average of 3,200,000 jumps per year, which showed an average injury rate of 0.044% and an average fatality rate of 0.0011%. The most common injuries sustained by recreational skydivers involved the lumbar spine and lower extremities. Injuries were most commonly reported during the landing sequence. With modern equipment and training methods, fatalities occur in less than 1 per 100,000 cases, and serious injuries requiring hospitalization in less than 2 per 10,000 cases. This puts the assessment of skydiving as a high-risk sport into perspective. MDPI 2023-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9859333/ /pubmed/36674008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021254 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Systematic Review Barthel, Christiane Halvachizadeh, Sacha Gamble, Jamison G. Pape, Hans-Christoph Rauer, Thomas Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title | Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title_full | Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title_fullStr | Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title_short | Recreational Skydiving—Really That Dangerous? A Systematic Review |
title_sort | recreational skydiving—really that dangerous? a systematic review |
topic | Systematic Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9859333/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36674008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021254 |
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