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Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments
Psychrophilic yeasts are distributed widely on Earth and have developed adaptation strategies to overcome the effect of low temperatures. They can adapt to low temperatures better than bacteriophyta. However, to date, their whole-genome sequences have been limited to the analysis of single strains o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9859383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36672901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010158 |
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author | Liu, Haisheng Zheng, Guiliang Chen, Zhongwei Ding, Xiaoya Wu, Jinran Zhang, Haili Jia, Shulei |
author_facet | Liu, Haisheng Zheng, Guiliang Chen, Zhongwei Ding, Xiaoya Wu, Jinran Zhang, Haili Jia, Shulei |
author_sort | Liu, Haisheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Psychrophilic yeasts are distributed widely on Earth and have developed adaptation strategies to overcome the effect of low temperatures. They can adapt to low temperatures better than bacteriophyta. However, to date, their whole-genome sequences have been limited to the analysis of single strains of psychrophilic yeasts, which cannot be used to reveal their possible psychrophilic mechanisms to adapt to low temperatures accurately and comprehensively. This study aimed to compare different sources of psychrophilic yeasts at the genomic level and investigate their cold-adaptability mechanisms in a comprehensive manner. Nine genomes of known psychrophilic yeasts and three representative genomes of mesophilic yeasts were collected and annotated. Comparative genomic analysis was performed to compare the differences in their signaling pathways, metabolic regulations, evolution, and psychrophilic genes. The results showed that fatty acid desaturase coding genes are universal and diverse in psychophilic yeasts, and different numbers of these genes exist (delta 6, delta 9, delta 12, and delta 15) in the genomes of various psychrophilic yeasts. Therefore, they can synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in a variety of ways and may be able to enhance the fluidity of cell membranes at low temperatures by synthesizing C18:3 or C18:4 PUFAs, thereby ensuring their ability to adapt to low-temperature environments. However, mesophilic yeasts have lost most of these genes. In this study, psychrophilic yeasts could adapt to low temperatures primarily by synthesizing PUFAs and diverse antifreeze proteins. A comparison of more psychrophilic yeasts’ genomes will be useful for the study of their psychrophilic mechanisms, given the presence of additional potential psychrophilic-related genes in the genomes of psychrophilic yeasts. This study provides a reference for the study of the psychrophilic mechanisms of psychrophilic yeasts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9859383 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98593832023-01-21 Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments Liu, Haisheng Zheng, Guiliang Chen, Zhongwei Ding, Xiaoya Wu, Jinran Zhang, Haili Jia, Shulei Genes (Basel) Article Psychrophilic yeasts are distributed widely on Earth and have developed adaptation strategies to overcome the effect of low temperatures. They can adapt to low temperatures better than bacteriophyta. However, to date, their whole-genome sequences have been limited to the analysis of single strains of psychrophilic yeasts, which cannot be used to reveal their possible psychrophilic mechanisms to adapt to low temperatures accurately and comprehensively. This study aimed to compare different sources of psychrophilic yeasts at the genomic level and investigate their cold-adaptability mechanisms in a comprehensive manner. Nine genomes of known psychrophilic yeasts and three representative genomes of mesophilic yeasts were collected and annotated. Comparative genomic analysis was performed to compare the differences in their signaling pathways, metabolic regulations, evolution, and psychrophilic genes. The results showed that fatty acid desaturase coding genes are universal and diverse in psychophilic yeasts, and different numbers of these genes exist (delta 6, delta 9, delta 12, and delta 15) in the genomes of various psychrophilic yeasts. Therefore, they can synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in a variety of ways and may be able to enhance the fluidity of cell membranes at low temperatures by synthesizing C18:3 or C18:4 PUFAs, thereby ensuring their ability to adapt to low-temperature environments. However, mesophilic yeasts have lost most of these genes. In this study, psychrophilic yeasts could adapt to low temperatures primarily by synthesizing PUFAs and diverse antifreeze proteins. A comparison of more psychrophilic yeasts’ genomes will be useful for the study of their psychrophilic mechanisms, given the presence of additional potential psychrophilic-related genes in the genomes of psychrophilic yeasts. This study provides a reference for the study of the psychrophilic mechanisms of psychrophilic yeasts. MDPI 2023-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9859383/ /pubmed/36672901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010158 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Liu, Haisheng Zheng, Guiliang Chen, Zhongwei Ding, Xiaoya Wu, Jinran Zhang, Haili Jia, Shulei Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title | Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title_full | Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title_fullStr | Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title_full_unstemmed | Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title_short | Psychrophilic Yeasts: Insights into Their Adaptability to Extremely Cold Environments |
title_sort | psychrophilic yeasts: insights into their adaptability to extremely cold environments |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9859383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36672901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010158 |
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