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T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients
To quantify T2*, multiple echoes are typically acquired with a multi-echo gradient echo sequence using either monopolar or bipolar readout gradients. The use of bipolar readout gradients achieves a shorter echo spacing time, enabling the acquisition of a larger number of echoes in the same scan time...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9860026/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36670286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28265-0 |
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author | Shin, Seonyeong Yun, Seong Dae Shah, N. Jon |
author_facet | Shin, Seonyeong Yun, Seong Dae Shah, N. Jon |
author_sort | Shin, Seonyeong |
collection | PubMed |
description | To quantify T2*, multiple echoes are typically acquired with a multi-echo gradient echo sequence using either monopolar or bipolar readout gradients. The use of bipolar readout gradients achieves a shorter echo spacing time, enabling the acquisition of a larger number of echoes in the same scan time. However, despite their relative time efficiency and the potential for more accurate quantification, a comparative investigation of these readout gradients has not yet been addressed. This work aims to compare the performance of monopolar and bipolar readout gradients for T2* quantification. The differences in readout gradients were theoretically investigated with a Cramér-Rao lower bound and validated with computer simulations with respect to the various imaging parameters (e.g., flip angle, TR, TE, TE range, and BW). The readout gradients were then compared at 3 T using phantom and in vivo experiments. The bipolar readout gradients provided higher precision than monopolar readout gradients in both computer simulations and experimental results. The difference between the two readout gradients increased for a lower SNR and smaller TE range, consistent with the prediction made using Cramér-Rao lower bound. The use of bipolar readout gradients is advantageous for regions or situations where a lower SNR is expected or a shorter acquisition time is required. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9860026 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98600262023-01-22 T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients Shin, Seonyeong Yun, Seong Dae Shah, N. Jon Sci Rep Article To quantify T2*, multiple echoes are typically acquired with a multi-echo gradient echo sequence using either monopolar or bipolar readout gradients. The use of bipolar readout gradients achieves a shorter echo spacing time, enabling the acquisition of a larger number of echoes in the same scan time. However, despite their relative time efficiency and the potential for more accurate quantification, a comparative investigation of these readout gradients has not yet been addressed. This work aims to compare the performance of monopolar and bipolar readout gradients for T2* quantification. The differences in readout gradients were theoretically investigated with a Cramér-Rao lower bound and validated with computer simulations with respect to the various imaging parameters (e.g., flip angle, TR, TE, TE range, and BW). The readout gradients were then compared at 3 T using phantom and in vivo experiments. The bipolar readout gradients provided higher precision than monopolar readout gradients in both computer simulations and experimental results. The difference between the two readout gradients increased for a lower SNR and smaller TE range, consistent with the prediction made using Cramér-Rao lower bound. The use of bipolar readout gradients is advantageous for regions or situations where a lower SNR is expected or a shorter acquisition time is required. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9860026/ /pubmed/36670286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28265-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Shin, Seonyeong Yun, Seong Dae Shah, N. Jon T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title | T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title_full | T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title_fullStr | T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title_full_unstemmed | T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title_short | T2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
title_sort | t2* quantification using multi-echo gradient echo sequences: a comparative study of different readout gradients |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9860026/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36670286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28265-0 |
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