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Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018
Background: High consumption of added sugars is related to adverse health consequences. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of US youth who report high intakes of added sugars, as well as the eating occasions and top sources of added sugars that contributed to intak...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9860950/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15020274 |
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author | Park, Sohyun Zhao, Lixia Lee, Seung Hee Hamner, Heather C. Moore, Latetia V. Galuska, Deborah A. Blanck, Heidi M. |
author_facet | Park, Sohyun Zhao, Lixia Lee, Seung Hee Hamner, Heather C. Moore, Latetia V. Galuska, Deborah A. Blanck, Heidi M. |
author_sort | Park, Sohyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: High consumption of added sugars is related to adverse health consequences. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of US youth who report high intakes of added sugars, as well as the eating occasions and top sources of added sugars that contributed to intakes among consumers with high added sugars intake. Design and participants/setting: We conducted a cross-sectional study using 2015–2018 NHANES data among 5280 US youths (2–19 years). Main outcome measures: Outcome measure was usual percent of calories from added sugars using 2 days of dietary recall based on the National Cancer Institute method. High consumers were defined as consuming greater than 15% of total daily calorie intake from added sugars (1.5 times higher than the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendation of <10% of total daily calorie intake). Explanatory measures were selected sociodemographics (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity). Eating occasions were breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack. Statistical analyses performed: We used t-tests to compare mean differences between sociodemographic groups. Results: Overall, 34% of US youths were classified as high consumers of added sugars. The prevalence of high consumers of added sugars significantly varied by some sociodemographics (i.e., age, race/ethnicity, and head of household’s education level). The prevalence of high added sugars consumers was significantly greater among 12–19-year-olds (41%) and 6–11-year-olds (37%) compared to 2–5-year-olds (19%), non-Hispanic Black (42%) and non-Hispanic White (42%) persons compared to Hispanic persons (19%), and those with a head of household’s education level of high school/some college (40%) compared to households with college degree or higher (29%). The prevalence of high consumers did not differ by sex, income, or weight status. Of eating occasions, the amount of added sugars youths consumed was highest during snack occasions among high consumers. Top five sources of added sugars among high consumers on a given day were sweetened beverages, sweet bakery products, candy, other desserts, and ready-to-eat cereals. Conclusion: One in three US youths consumed more than 15% of total calories from added sugars. High added sugars intake was more prevalent among certain subgroups such as 12–19-year-olds and non-Hispanic Black or non-Hispanic White youth. Our findings can provide information for intervention efforts to decrease added sugars intake to promote child health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9860950 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98609502023-01-22 Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 Park, Sohyun Zhao, Lixia Lee, Seung Hee Hamner, Heather C. Moore, Latetia V. Galuska, Deborah A. Blanck, Heidi M. Nutrients Article Background: High consumption of added sugars is related to adverse health consequences. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of US youth who report high intakes of added sugars, as well as the eating occasions and top sources of added sugars that contributed to intakes among consumers with high added sugars intake. Design and participants/setting: We conducted a cross-sectional study using 2015–2018 NHANES data among 5280 US youths (2–19 years). Main outcome measures: Outcome measure was usual percent of calories from added sugars using 2 days of dietary recall based on the National Cancer Institute method. High consumers were defined as consuming greater than 15% of total daily calorie intake from added sugars (1.5 times higher than the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendation of <10% of total daily calorie intake). Explanatory measures were selected sociodemographics (e.g., age, sex, race/ethnicity). Eating occasions were breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack. Statistical analyses performed: We used t-tests to compare mean differences between sociodemographic groups. Results: Overall, 34% of US youths were classified as high consumers of added sugars. The prevalence of high consumers of added sugars significantly varied by some sociodemographics (i.e., age, race/ethnicity, and head of household’s education level). The prevalence of high added sugars consumers was significantly greater among 12–19-year-olds (41%) and 6–11-year-olds (37%) compared to 2–5-year-olds (19%), non-Hispanic Black (42%) and non-Hispanic White (42%) persons compared to Hispanic persons (19%), and those with a head of household’s education level of high school/some college (40%) compared to households with college degree or higher (29%). The prevalence of high consumers did not differ by sex, income, or weight status. Of eating occasions, the amount of added sugars youths consumed was highest during snack occasions among high consumers. Top five sources of added sugars among high consumers on a given day were sweetened beverages, sweet bakery products, candy, other desserts, and ready-to-eat cereals. Conclusion: One in three US youths consumed more than 15% of total calories from added sugars. High added sugars intake was more prevalent among certain subgroups such as 12–19-year-olds and non-Hispanic Black or non-Hispanic White youth. Our findings can provide information for intervention efforts to decrease added sugars intake to promote child health. MDPI 2023-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9860950/ /pubmed/36678144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15020274 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Park, Sohyun Zhao, Lixia Lee, Seung Hee Hamner, Heather C. Moore, Latetia V. Galuska, Deborah A. Blanck, Heidi M. Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title | Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title_full | Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title_fullStr | Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title_full_unstemmed | Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title_short | Children and Adolescents in the United States with Usual High Added Sugars Intake: Characteristics, Eating Occasions, and Top Sources, 2015–2018 |
title_sort | children and adolescents in the united states with usual high added sugars intake: characteristics, eating occasions, and top sources, 2015–2018 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9860950/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15020274 |
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