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SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response
Background: mRNA vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. However, the immunological mechanisms involved in the induction, magnitude and longevity of mRNA-vaccine-induced protective immunity are still unclear. Methods: In our study, we used whole-RNA sequenc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010103 |
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author | Papadatou, Ioanna Geropeppa, Maria Verrou, Kleio-Maria Tzanoudaki, Marianna Lagousi, Theano Liatsis, Emmanouil Spoulou, Vana |
author_facet | Papadatou, Ioanna Geropeppa, Maria Verrou, Kleio-Maria Tzanoudaki, Marianna Lagousi, Theano Liatsis, Emmanouil Spoulou, Vana |
author_sort | Papadatou, Ioanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: mRNA vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. However, the immunological mechanisms involved in the induction, magnitude and longevity of mRNA-vaccine-induced protective immunity are still unclear. Methods: In our study, we used whole-RNA sequencing along with detailed immunophenotyping of antigen-specific T cells and humoral RBD-specific response to dual immunization with the Pfizer–BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) and correlated them with response to an additional dose, administered 10 months later, in order to comprehensively profile the immune response of healthy volunteers to BNT162b2. Results: Primary dual immunization induced upregulation of the Type I interferon pathway and generated spike protein (S)-specific IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ CD4 T cells, S-specific memory CD4 T cells, and RBD-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. S-specific CD4 T cells induced by the primary series correlated with the RBD-specific antibody titers to a third dose. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the induction of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in a coordinated manner and identifies the central role of primarily induced CD4+ T cells as a predictive biomarker of the magnitude of anamnestic immune response. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9861479 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98614792023-01-22 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response Papadatou, Ioanna Geropeppa, Maria Verrou, Kleio-Maria Tzanoudaki, Marianna Lagousi, Theano Liatsis, Emmanouil Spoulou, Vana Vaccines (Basel) Article Background: mRNA vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. However, the immunological mechanisms involved in the induction, magnitude and longevity of mRNA-vaccine-induced protective immunity are still unclear. Methods: In our study, we used whole-RNA sequencing along with detailed immunophenotyping of antigen-specific T cells and humoral RBD-specific response to dual immunization with the Pfizer–BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) and correlated them with response to an additional dose, administered 10 months later, in order to comprehensively profile the immune response of healthy volunteers to BNT162b2. Results: Primary dual immunization induced upregulation of the Type I interferon pathway and generated spike protein (S)-specific IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ CD4 T cells, S-specific memory CD4 T cells, and RBD-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. S-specific CD4 T cells induced by the primary series correlated with the RBD-specific antibody titers to a third dose. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the induction of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in a coordinated manner and identifies the central role of primarily induced CD4+ T cells as a predictive biomarker of the magnitude of anamnestic immune response. MDPI 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9861479/ /pubmed/36679948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010103 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Papadatou, Ioanna Geropeppa, Maria Verrou, Kleio-Maria Tzanoudaki, Marianna Lagousi, Theano Liatsis, Emmanouil Spoulou, Vana SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response |
title_sort | sars-cov-2 mrna dual immunization induces innate transcriptional signatures, establishes t-cell memory and coordinates the recall response |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010103 |
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