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Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases

Background: Lomentospora prolificans, a rare, highly virulent filamentous fungus with high rates of intrinsic resistance to antifungals, has been associated with different types of infections in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Objective: To systematically address all releva...

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Autores principales: Konsoula, Afroditi, Agouridis, Aris P., Markaki, Lamprini, Tsioutis, Constantinos, Spernovasilis, Nikolaos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010067
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author Konsoula, Afroditi
Agouridis, Aris P.
Markaki, Lamprini
Tsioutis, Constantinos
Spernovasilis, Nikolaos
author_facet Konsoula, Afroditi
Agouridis, Aris P.
Markaki, Lamprini
Tsioutis, Constantinos
Spernovasilis, Nikolaos
author_sort Konsoula, Afroditi
collection PubMed
description Background: Lomentospora prolificans, a rare, highly virulent filamentous fungus with high rates of intrinsic resistance to antifungals, has been associated with different types of infections in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Objective: To systematically address all relevant evidence regarding L. prolificans disseminated infections in the literature. Methods: We searched Medline via PubMed and Scopus databases through July 2022. We performed a qualitative synthesis of published articles reporting disseminated infections from L. prolificans in humans. Results: A total of 87 studies describing 142 cases were included in our systematic review. The pathogen was most frequently reported in disseminated infections in Spain (n = 47), Australia (n = 33), the USA (n = 21), and Germany (n = 10). Among 142 reported cases, 48.5% were males. Underlying conditions identified for the majority of patients included malignancy (72.5%), hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (23.2%), solid organ transplantation (16%), and AIDS (2%). Lungs, central nervous system, skin, eyes, heart and bones/joints were the most commonly affected organs. Neutropenia was recorded in 52% of patients. The mortality rate was as high as 87.3%. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review conducted on disseminated infections due to this rare microorganism. Physicians should be aware that L. prolificans can cause a diversity of infections with high mortality and primarily affects immunocompromised and neutropenic patients.
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spelling pubmed-98615012023-01-22 Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases Konsoula, Afroditi Agouridis, Aris P. Markaki, Lamprini Tsioutis, Constantinos Spernovasilis, Nikolaos Pathogens Systematic Review Background: Lomentospora prolificans, a rare, highly virulent filamentous fungus with high rates of intrinsic resistance to antifungals, has been associated with different types of infections in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent individuals. Objective: To systematically address all relevant evidence regarding L. prolificans disseminated infections in the literature. Methods: We searched Medline via PubMed and Scopus databases through July 2022. We performed a qualitative synthesis of published articles reporting disseminated infections from L. prolificans in humans. Results: A total of 87 studies describing 142 cases were included in our systematic review. The pathogen was most frequently reported in disseminated infections in Spain (n = 47), Australia (n = 33), the USA (n = 21), and Germany (n = 10). Among 142 reported cases, 48.5% were males. Underlying conditions identified for the majority of patients included malignancy (72.5%), hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (23.2%), solid organ transplantation (16%), and AIDS (2%). Lungs, central nervous system, skin, eyes, heart and bones/joints were the most commonly affected organs. Neutropenia was recorded in 52% of patients. The mortality rate was as high as 87.3%. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review conducted on disseminated infections due to this rare microorganism. Physicians should be aware that L. prolificans can cause a diversity of infections with high mortality and primarily affects immunocompromised and neutropenic patients. MDPI 2022-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9861501/ /pubmed/36678415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010067 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Konsoula, Afroditi
Agouridis, Aris P.
Markaki, Lamprini
Tsioutis, Constantinos
Spernovasilis, Nikolaos
Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title_full Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title_fullStr Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title_full_unstemmed Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title_short Lomentospora prolificans Disseminated Infections: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases
title_sort lomentospora prolificans disseminated infections: a systematic review of reported cases
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010067
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