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Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle

Gross efficiency (GE) and the index of pedal force effectiveness (IFE) are important factors that enhance cyclists’ performance; however, the effects of changing pedal force (gear ratio) and cadence on these indices while riding on a road racing bicycle are poorly investigated. This study aimed to e...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kamba, Mutsumi, Naito, Hisashi, Ozaki, Hayao, Machida, Shuichi, Katamoto, Shizuo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36668709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010005
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author Kamba, Mutsumi
Naito, Hisashi
Ozaki, Hayao
Machida, Shuichi
Katamoto, Shizuo
author_facet Kamba, Mutsumi
Naito, Hisashi
Ozaki, Hayao
Machida, Shuichi
Katamoto, Shizuo
author_sort Kamba, Mutsumi
collection PubMed
description Gross efficiency (GE) and the index of pedal force effectiveness (IFE) are important factors that enhance cyclists’ performance; however, the effects of changing pedal force (gear ratio) and cadence on these indices while riding on a road racing bicycle are poorly investigated. This study aimed to examine the effect of changing gear ratio or cadence on GE and IFE using a road racing bicycle. Nine male cyclists completed graded submaximal cycling tests (five stages of 4 min submaximal cycling sessions with 1 min passive rest intervals). The work rate of each stage was determined using two principles: changing gear ratio at a fixed cadence and changing cadence at a fixed gear ratio. We determined GE and IFE using respiratory variables and pedal reaction forces, respectively. Increasing the gear ratio improved GE, and was associated with the IFE. Although increasing the cadence slightly improved GE from the initial level, the increased values then mostly maintained. IFE was almost stable even when cadence increased. Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between the changes in GE and IFE accompanied by increasing cadence. Our data indicate that an increasing gear ratio, but not cadence, may affect GE and IFE while riding on a road racing bicycle.
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spelling pubmed-98616152023-01-22 Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle Kamba, Mutsumi Naito, Hisashi Ozaki, Hayao Machida, Shuichi Katamoto, Shizuo Sports (Basel) Article Gross efficiency (GE) and the index of pedal force effectiveness (IFE) are important factors that enhance cyclists’ performance; however, the effects of changing pedal force (gear ratio) and cadence on these indices while riding on a road racing bicycle are poorly investigated. This study aimed to examine the effect of changing gear ratio or cadence on GE and IFE using a road racing bicycle. Nine male cyclists completed graded submaximal cycling tests (five stages of 4 min submaximal cycling sessions with 1 min passive rest intervals). The work rate of each stage was determined using two principles: changing gear ratio at a fixed cadence and changing cadence at a fixed gear ratio. We determined GE and IFE using respiratory variables and pedal reaction forces, respectively. Increasing the gear ratio improved GE, and was associated with the IFE. Although increasing the cadence slightly improved GE from the initial level, the increased values then mostly maintained. IFE was almost stable even when cadence increased. Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between the changes in GE and IFE accompanied by increasing cadence. Our data indicate that an increasing gear ratio, but not cadence, may affect GE and IFE while riding on a road racing bicycle. MDPI 2022-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9861615/ /pubmed/36668709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010005 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kamba, Mutsumi
Naito, Hisashi
Ozaki, Hayao
Machida, Shuichi
Katamoto, Shizuo
Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title_full Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title_fullStr Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title_short Effect of Gear Ratio and Cadence on Gross Efficiency and Pedal Force Effectiveness during Multistage Graded Cycling Test Using a Road Racing Bicycle
title_sort effect of gear ratio and cadence on gross efficiency and pedal force effectiveness during multistage graded cycling test using a road racing bicycle
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36668709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010005
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