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The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine
Phages are highly ubiquitous biological agents, which means they are ideal tools for molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology. The development of a phage display technology was a turning point in the design of phage-based vaccines. Phages are now recognized as universal adjuvant-free nanovac...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021536 |
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author | Ul Haq, Ihtisham Krukiewicz, Katarzyna Yahya, Galal Haq, Mehboob Ul Maryam, Sajida Mosbah, Rasha A. Saber, Sameh Alrouji, Mohammed |
author_facet | Ul Haq, Ihtisham Krukiewicz, Katarzyna Yahya, Galal Haq, Mehboob Ul Maryam, Sajida Mosbah, Rasha A. Saber, Sameh Alrouji, Mohammed |
author_sort | Ul Haq, Ihtisham |
collection | PubMed |
description | Phages are highly ubiquitous biological agents, which means they are ideal tools for molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology. The development of a phage display technology was a turning point in the design of phage-based vaccines. Phages are now recognized as universal adjuvant-free nanovaccine platforms. Phages are well-suited for vaccine design owing to their high stability in harsh conditions and simple and inexpensive large-scale production. The aim of this review is to summarize the overall breadth of the antiviral therapeutic perspective of phages contributing to the development of phage-based vaccines for COVID-19. We show that phage vaccines induce a strong and specific humoral response by targeted phage particles carrying the epitopes of SARS-CoV-2. Further, the engineering of the T4 bacteriophage by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) presents phage vaccines as a valuable platform with potential capabilities of genetic plasticity, intrinsic immunogenicity, and stability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9861788 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98617882023-01-22 The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine Ul Haq, Ihtisham Krukiewicz, Katarzyna Yahya, Galal Haq, Mehboob Ul Maryam, Sajida Mosbah, Rasha A. Saber, Sameh Alrouji, Mohammed Int J Mol Sci Review Phages are highly ubiquitous biological agents, which means they are ideal tools for molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology. The development of a phage display technology was a turning point in the design of phage-based vaccines. Phages are now recognized as universal adjuvant-free nanovaccine platforms. Phages are well-suited for vaccine design owing to their high stability in harsh conditions and simple and inexpensive large-scale production. The aim of this review is to summarize the overall breadth of the antiviral therapeutic perspective of phages contributing to the development of phage-based vaccines for COVID-19. We show that phage vaccines induce a strong and specific humoral response by targeted phage particles carrying the epitopes of SARS-CoV-2. Further, the engineering of the T4 bacteriophage by CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) presents phage vaccines as a valuable platform with potential capabilities of genetic plasticity, intrinsic immunogenicity, and stability. MDPI 2023-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9861788/ /pubmed/36675046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021536 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ul Haq, Ihtisham Krukiewicz, Katarzyna Yahya, Galal Haq, Mehboob Ul Maryam, Sajida Mosbah, Rasha A. Saber, Sameh Alrouji, Mohammed The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title | The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title_full | The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title_fullStr | The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title_full_unstemmed | The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title_short | The Breadth of Bacteriophages Contributing to the Development of the Phage-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: An Ideal Platform to Design the Multiplex Vaccine |
title_sort | breadth of bacteriophages contributing to the development of the phage-based vaccines for covid-19: an ideal platform to design the multiplex vaccine |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9861788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021536 |
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