Low-Temperature Synthesis of Cu-Doped Anatase TiO(2) Nanostructures via Liquid Phase Deposition Method for Enhanced Photocatalysis

Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) photocatalysis can harness the energy from sunlight, providing a solution to many green- and energy-related problems. In this study, we aimed to produce Cu doped TiO(2) (Cu-TiO(2)) structures at a low temperature (~70 °C) under atmospheric pressure based on liquid phase deposition. The products prepared with Cu nitrate exhibited anatase-phase TiO(2) with the presence of Cu, and the particles showed a waxberry-like structure. Changing the Cu nitrate concentration allowed control of the atomic concentration; we confirmed ~1.3 atm.% of Cu ions in the product when we applied 10 mM in the precursor solution. By doping Cu, the light absorption edge shifted to 440 nm (~2.9 eV), and we proved the photocatalytic reaction through action spectral measurement. We observed the decomposition of acetaldehyde into CO(2) on Cu-TiO(2) photocatalysts, which produced optimized improvements in photocatalytic activity at Cu dopant levels between 0.2 and 0.4 atm.%. This study demonstrates that the liquid phase deposition technique can be used for doping metallic ions into TiO(2), which shows promise for preparing novel and unique nanomaterials as visible light photocatalysts.