Recent Pharmacological Options in Type 2 Diabetes and Synergic Mechanism in Cardiovascular Disease

Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial disease with a critical impact worldwide. During prediabetes, the presence of various inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress will lead to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia will lead to micro- and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Andreadi, Aikaterini, Muscoli, Saverio, Tajmir, Rojin, Meloni, Marco, Muscoli, Carolina, Ilari, Sara, Mollace, Vincenzo, Della Morte, David, Bellia, Alfonso, Di Daniele, Nicola, Tesauro, Manfredi, Lauro, Davide
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675160
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021646
Descripción
Sumario:Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial disease with a critical impact worldwide. During prediabetes, the presence of various inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress will lead to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia will lead to micro- and macrovascular complications (cardiovascular disease, heart failure, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and atherosclerosis). The development through the years of pharmacological options allowed us to reduce the persistence of chronic hyperglycemia and reduce diabetic complications. This review aims to highlight the specific mechanisms with which the new treatments for type 2 diabetes reduce oxidative stress and insulin resistance and improve cardiovascular outcomes.

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