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Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers

Age represents the major risk factor for fatal disease outcome in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to age-related changes in immune responses. On the one hand lymphocyte counts continuously decline with advancing age, on the other hand somatic hyper-mutations of B-lymphocytes and levels of class-s...

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Autores principales: Pirabe, Anita, Schrottmaier, Waltraud C., Heber, Stefan, Schmuckenschlager, Anna, Treiber, Sonja, Pereyra, David, Santol, Jonas, Pawelka, Erich, Traugott, Marianna, Schörgenhofer, Christian, Seitz, Tamara, Karolyi, Mario, Jilma, Bernd, Resch, Ulrike, Zoufaly, Alexander, Assinger, Alice
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36702013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.016
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author Pirabe, Anita
Schrottmaier, Waltraud C.
Heber, Stefan
Schmuckenschlager, Anna
Treiber, Sonja
Pereyra, David
Santol, Jonas
Pawelka, Erich
Traugott, Marianna
Schörgenhofer, Christian
Seitz, Tamara
Karolyi, Mario
Jilma, Bernd
Resch, Ulrike
Zoufaly, Alexander
Assinger, Alice
author_facet Pirabe, Anita
Schrottmaier, Waltraud C.
Heber, Stefan
Schmuckenschlager, Anna
Treiber, Sonja
Pereyra, David
Santol, Jonas
Pawelka, Erich
Traugott, Marianna
Schörgenhofer, Christian
Seitz, Tamara
Karolyi, Mario
Jilma, Bernd
Resch, Ulrike
Zoufaly, Alexander
Assinger, Alice
author_sort Pirabe, Anita
collection PubMed
description Age represents the major risk factor for fatal disease outcome in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to age-related changes in immune responses. On the one hand lymphocyte counts continuously decline with advancing age, on the other hand somatic hyper-mutations of B-lymphocytes and levels of class-switched antibodies diminish, resulting in lower neutralizing antibody titers. To date the impact of age on immunoglobulin G (IgG) production in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the impact of age on the onset of IgG production and its association with outcome, viral persistence, inflammatory and thrombotic markers in consecutive, hospitalized COVID-19 patients admitted to the Clinic Favoriten (Vienna, Austria) between April and October 2020 that fulfilled predefined inclusion criteria. Three different IgGs against SARS-CoV-2 (spike protein S1, nucleocapsid (NC), and the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD)) were monitored in plasma of 97 patients upon admission and three times within the first week followed by weekly assessment during their entire hospital stay. We analyzed the association of clinical parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer levels and platelet count as well as viral persistence with the onset and concentration of different anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific IgGs. Our data demonstrate that in older individuals anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG production increases earlier after symptom onset and that deceased patients have the highest amount of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 whereas intensive care unit (ICU) survivors have the lowest titers. In addition, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG concentrations are not associated with curtailed viral infectivity, inflammatory or thrombotic markers, suggesting that not only serological memory but also other adaptive immune responses are involved in successful viral killing and protection against a severe COVID-19 infection.
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spelling pubmed-98627082023-01-23 Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers Pirabe, Anita Schrottmaier, Waltraud C. Heber, Stefan Schmuckenschlager, Anna Treiber, Sonja Pereyra, David Santol, Jonas Pawelka, Erich Traugott, Marianna Schörgenhofer, Christian Seitz, Tamara Karolyi, Mario Jilma, Bernd Resch, Ulrike Zoufaly, Alexander Assinger, Alice J Infect Public Health Article Age represents the major risk factor for fatal disease outcome in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to age-related changes in immune responses. On the one hand lymphocyte counts continuously decline with advancing age, on the other hand somatic hyper-mutations of B-lymphocytes and levels of class-switched antibodies diminish, resulting in lower neutralizing antibody titers. To date the impact of age on immunoglobulin G (IgG) production in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the impact of age on the onset of IgG production and its association with outcome, viral persistence, inflammatory and thrombotic markers in consecutive, hospitalized COVID-19 patients admitted to the Clinic Favoriten (Vienna, Austria) between April and October 2020 that fulfilled predefined inclusion criteria. Three different IgGs against SARS-CoV-2 (spike protein S1, nucleocapsid (NC), and the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD)) were monitored in plasma of 97 patients upon admission and three times within the first week followed by weekly assessment during their entire hospital stay. We analyzed the association of clinical parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer levels and platelet count as well as viral persistence with the onset and concentration of different anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific IgGs. Our data demonstrate that in older individuals anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG production increases earlier after symptom onset and that deceased patients have the highest amount of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 whereas intensive care unit (ICU) survivors have the lowest titers. In addition, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG concentrations are not associated with curtailed viral infectivity, inflammatory or thrombotic markers, suggesting that not only serological memory but also other adaptive immune responses are involved in successful viral killing and protection against a severe COVID-19 infection. The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. 2023-03 2023-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9862708/ /pubmed/36702013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.016 Text en © 2023 The Authors Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Pirabe, Anita
Schrottmaier, Waltraud C.
Heber, Stefan
Schmuckenschlager, Anna
Treiber, Sonja
Pereyra, David
Santol, Jonas
Pawelka, Erich
Traugott, Marianna
Schörgenhofer, Christian
Seitz, Tamara
Karolyi, Mario
Jilma, Bernd
Resch, Ulrike
Zoufaly, Alexander
Assinger, Alice
Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title_full Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title_fullStr Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title_full_unstemmed Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title_short Immunoglobulin G production in COVID-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
title_sort immunoglobulin g production in covid-19 - associations with age, outcome, viral persistence, inflammation and pro-thrombotic markers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36702013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.016
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