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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach

A comprehensive evaluation of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may allow for the development of more efficient management of Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary approach to DS with OSA. A total of 48 DS children aged 4–12 years were prospectively investigated wit...

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Autores principales: Borrelli, Melissa, Corcione, Adele, Rongo, Roberto, Cantone, Elena, Scala, Iris, Bruzzese, Dario, Martina, Stefano, Strisciuglio, Pietro, Michelotti, Ambrosina, Santamaria, Francesca
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675732
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010071
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author Borrelli, Melissa
Corcione, Adele
Rongo, Roberto
Cantone, Elena
Scala, Iris
Bruzzese, Dario
Martina, Stefano
Strisciuglio, Pietro
Michelotti, Ambrosina
Santamaria, Francesca
author_facet Borrelli, Melissa
Corcione, Adele
Rongo, Roberto
Cantone, Elena
Scala, Iris
Bruzzese, Dario
Martina, Stefano
Strisciuglio, Pietro
Michelotti, Ambrosina
Santamaria, Francesca
author_sort Borrelli, Melissa
collection PubMed
description A comprehensive evaluation of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may allow for the development of more efficient management of Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary approach to DS with OSA. A total of 48 DS children aged 4–12 years were prospectively investigated with nasal endoscopy, orthodontic examination, and overnight polygraphy (PG); the Italian Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-IT) was filled out by the mothers. The total CSHQ-IT score was 63 (96% of children reporting sleep problems). The major ear, nose, and throat characteristics were enlarged palatine tonsils (62%), adenoid tonsils (85%), and chronic rhinosinusitis (85%). DS children showed orthognathic profile in 68% of cases, class I relationship in 63%, and cross-bite in 51%. PG revealed OSA in 67% of cases (37% mild, 63% moderate–severe). The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was higher in the group with OSA (5.2) than with non-OSA (1.3; p < 0.001). The ODI was higher (p = 0.001) and SpO2 lower (p = 0.03) in children with moderate–severe OSA than with mild OSA. The apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) and percentage time with SpO2 < 90% were higher in DS children with grade III than with grade I or II adenoids (5 vs. 1, p = 0.04, and 1.2 vs. 0.1, p = 0.01, respectively). No significant correlations were found between PG and the total CSHQ-IT score or orthodontic data. However, children showing associated cross-bite, grade III adenoids and size 3 or 4 palatine tonsils showed higher AHI and ODI than those without (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). A coordinated multidisciplinary approach with overnight PG is a valuable tool when developing diagnostic protocols for OSA in DS.
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spelling pubmed-98629212023-01-22 Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach Borrelli, Melissa Corcione, Adele Rongo, Roberto Cantone, Elena Scala, Iris Bruzzese, Dario Martina, Stefano Strisciuglio, Pietro Michelotti, Ambrosina Santamaria, Francesca J Pers Med Article A comprehensive evaluation of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may allow for the development of more efficient management of Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary approach to DS with OSA. A total of 48 DS children aged 4–12 years were prospectively investigated with nasal endoscopy, orthodontic examination, and overnight polygraphy (PG); the Italian Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-IT) was filled out by the mothers. The total CSHQ-IT score was 63 (96% of children reporting sleep problems). The major ear, nose, and throat characteristics were enlarged palatine tonsils (62%), adenoid tonsils (85%), and chronic rhinosinusitis (85%). DS children showed orthognathic profile in 68% of cases, class I relationship in 63%, and cross-bite in 51%. PG revealed OSA in 67% of cases (37% mild, 63% moderate–severe). The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was higher in the group with OSA (5.2) than with non-OSA (1.3; p < 0.001). The ODI was higher (p = 0.001) and SpO2 lower (p = 0.03) in children with moderate–severe OSA than with mild OSA. The apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) and percentage time with SpO2 < 90% were higher in DS children with grade III than with grade I or II adenoids (5 vs. 1, p = 0.04, and 1.2 vs. 0.1, p = 0.01, respectively). No significant correlations were found between PG and the total CSHQ-IT score or orthodontic data. However, children showing associated cross-bite, grade III adenoids and size 3 or 4 palatine tonsils showed higher AHI and ODI than those without (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). A coordinated multidisciplinary approach with overnight PG is a valuable tool when developing diagnostic protocols for OSA in DS. MDPI 2022-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9862921/ /pubmed/36675732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010071 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Borrelli, Melissa
Corcione, Adele
Rongo, Roberto
Cantone, Elena
Scala, Iris
Bruzzese, Dario
Martina, Stefano
Strisciuglio, Pietro
Michelotti, Ambrosina
Santamaria, Francesca
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title_full Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title_fullStr Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title_full_unstemmed Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title_short Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Multidisciplinary Approach
title_sort obstructive sleep apnoea in children with down syndrome: a multidisciplinary approach
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675732
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010071
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