Adaptive Remote Sensing Paradigm for Real-Time Alerting of Convulsive Epileptic Seizures

Epilepsy is a debilitating neurological condition characterized by intermittent paroxysmal states called fits or seizures. Especially, the major motor seizures of a convulsive nature, such as tonic–clonic seizures, can cause aggravating consequences. Timely alerting for these convulsive epileptic states can therefore prevent numerous complications, during, or following the fit. Based on our previous research, a non-contact method using automated video camera observation and optical flow analysis underwent field trials in clinical settings. Here, we propose a novel adaptive learning paradigm for optimization of the seizure detection algorithm in each individual application. The main objective of the study was to minimize the false detection rate while avoiding undetected seizures. The system continuously updated detection parameters retrospectively using the data from the generated alerts. The system can be used under supervision or, alternatively, through autonomous validation of the alerts. In the latter case, the system achieved self-adaptive, unsupervised learning functionality. The method showed improvement of the detector performance due to the learning algorithm. This functionality provided a personalized seizure alerting device that adapted to the specific patient and environment. The system can operate in a fully automated mode, still allowing human observer to monitor and override the decision process while the algorithm provides suggestions as an expert system.