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Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review

Cutaneous and adnexal fungal infections are typically diagnosed with potassium hydroxide (KOH) skin scrapings, fungal cultures, and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) biopsy staining. All three current methods of fungal diagnosis require sample processing and turnover time which leads to a delay in diagnosi...

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Autores principales: Khan, Samavia, Farabi, Banu, Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian, Rao, Babar, Safai, Bijan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9010039
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author Khan, Samavia
Farabi, Banu
Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian
Rao, Babar
Safai, Bijan
author_facet Khan, Samavia
Farabi, Banu
Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian
Rao, Babar
Safai, Bijan
author_sort Khan, Samavia
collection PubMed
description Cutaneous and adnexal fungal infections are typically diagnosed with potassium hydroxide (KOH) skin scrapings, fungal cultures, and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) biopsy staining. All three current methods of fungal diagnosis require sample processing and turnover time which leads to a delay in diagnosis. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive, in vivo skin imaging technology that provides real-time dermatologic diagnoses. We present an updated systematic review of the applications of RCM in diagnosing fungal infections in an effort to explore the utility of RCM as an adjunct clinical tool in detecting cutaneous and adnexal fungi We systematically searched the MEDLINE (via PubMed) for studies published from January 2000 to October 2022 that described the utility of RCM in the setting of fungal infections. Of the 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 202 patients were included. The following information on the application of RCM in the setting of fungal infections was extracted from each study, if reported: study type, year published, number of patients included, diagnosis/diagnostic methods, and RCM description. Concordant within all included studies, fungal infections presented on RCM as bright, linear, branching, filamentous structures at the level of stratum corneum. A limitation of this review is that 11 of 25 studies were case reports (n = 1). Larger scale studies should be conducted to explore the utility of RCM in diagnosing fungal infections and to enrich the RCM descriptions of specific fungal conditions.
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spelling pubmed-98629962023-01-22 Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review Khan, Samavia Farabi, Banu Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian Rao, Babar Safai, Bijan J Fungi (Basel) Systematic Review Cutaneous and adnexal fungal infections are typically diagnosed with potassium hydroxide (KOH) skin scrapings, fungal cultures, and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) biopsy staining. All three current methods of fungal diagnosis require sample processing and turnover time which leads to a delay in diagnosis. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive, in vivo skin imaging technology that provides real-time dermatologic diagnoses. We present an updated systematic review of the applications of RCM in diagnosing fungal infections in an effort to explore the utility of RCM as an adjunct clinical tool in detecting cutaneous and adnexal fungi We systematically searched the MEDLINE (via PubMed) for studies published from January 2000 to October 2022 that described the utility of RCM in the setting of fungal infections. Of the 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 202 patients were included. The following information on the application of RCM in the setting of fungal infections was extracted from each study, if reported: study type, year published, number of patients included, diagnosis/diagnostic methods, and RCM description. Concordant within all included studies, fungal infections presented on RCM as bright, linear, branching, filamentous structures at the level of stratum corneum. A limitation of this review is that 11 of 25 studies were case reports (n = 1). Larger scale studies should be conducted to explore the utility of RCM in diagnosing fungal infections and to enrich the RCM descriptions of specific fungal conditions. MDPI 2022-12-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9862996/ /pubmed/36675860 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9010039 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Khan, Samavia
Farabi, Banu
Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian
Rao, Babar
Safai, Bijan
Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title_full Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title_short Applications of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Fungal Infections: A Systematic Review
title_sort applications of reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of fungal infections: a systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9862996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9010039
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