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Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research

The order Mononegavirales contains a variety of highly pathogenic viruses that may infect humans, including the families Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Rhabodoviridae. Animal models have historically been important to study virus pathogenicity and to develop medical countermeasures....

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Autores principales: Widerspick, Lina, Steffen, Johanna Friederike, Tappe, Dennis, Muñoz-Fontela, César
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9863967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36680198
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010158
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author Widerspick, Lina
Steffen, Johanna Friederike
Tappe, Dennis
Muñoz-Fontela, César
author_facet Widerspick, Lina
Steffen, Johanna Friederike
Tappe, Dennis
Muñoz-Fontela, César
author_sort Widerspick, Lina
collection PubMed
description The order Mononegavirales contains a variety of highly pathogenic viruses that may infect humans, including the families Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Rhabodoviridae. Animal models have historically been important to study virus pathogenicity and to develop medical countermeasures. As these have inherent shortcomings, the rise of microphysiological systems and organoids able to recapitulate hallmarks of the diseases caused by these viruses may have enormous potential to add to or partially replace animal modeling in the future. Indeed, microphysiological systems and organoids are already used in the pharmaceutical R&D pipeline because they are prefigured to overcome the translational gap between model systems and clinical studies. Moreover, they may serve to alleviate ethical concerns related to animal research. In this review, we discuss the value of animal model alternatives in human pathogenic filovirus and bornavirus research. The current animal models and their limitations are presented followed by an overview of existing alternatives, such as organoids and microphysiological systems, which might help answering open research questions.
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spelling pubmed-98639672023-01-22 Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research Widerspick, Lina Steffen, Johanna Friederike Tappe, Dennis Muñoz-Fontela, César Viruses Review The order Mononegavirales contains a variety of highly pathogenic viruses that may infect humans, including the families Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Rhabodoviridae. Animal models have historically been important to study virus pathogenicity and to develop medical countermeasures. As these have inherent shortcomings, the rise of microphysiological systems and organoids able to recapitulate hallmarks of the diseases caused by these viruses may have enormous potential to add to or partially replace animal modeling in the future. Indeed, microphysiological systems and organoids are already used in the pharmaceutical R&D pipeline because they are prefigured to overcome the translational gap between model systems and clinical studies. Moreover, they may serve to alleviate ethical concerns related to animal research. In this review, we discuss the value of animal model alternatives in human pathogenic filovirus and bornavirus research. The current animal models and their limitations are presented followed by an overview of existing alternatives, such as organoids and microphysiological systems, which might help answering open research questions. MDPI 2023-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9863967/ /pubmed/36680198 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010158 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Widerspick, Lina
Steffen, Johanna Friederike
Tappe, Dennis
Muñoz-Fontela, César
Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title_full Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title_fullStr Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title_full_unstemmed Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title_short Animal Model Alternatives in Filovirus and Bornavirus Research
title_sort animal model alternatives in filovirus and bornavirus research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9863967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36680198
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010158
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