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Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India

Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome has been found to play a key role in the genesis and progression of oral cancer (OC). Tobacco chewing, a risk factor for oral cancer, is also associated with oral dysbiosis. Since tobacco chewing is a lifestyle habit in the South Asian subcontinent, including India,...

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Autores principales: Sawant, Shriya, Dugad, Jinesh, Parikh, Deepak, Srinivasan, Sathiyaraj, Singh, Harinder
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9864012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010078
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author Sawant, Shriya
Dugad, Jinesh
Parikh, Deepak
Srinivasan, Sathiyaraj
Singh, Harinder
author_facet Sawant, Shriya
Dugad, Jinesh
Parikh, Deepak
Srinivasan, Sathiyaraj
Singh, Harinder
author_sort Sawant, Shriya
collection PubMed
description Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome has been found to play a key role in the genesis and progression of oral cancer (OC). Tobacco chewing, a risk factor for oral cancer, is also associated with oral dysbiosis. Since tobacco chewing is a lifestyle habit in the South Asian subcontinent, including India, and contributes to one-third of the global oral cancer burden; we aimed to identify the oral bacterial diversity of Indian oral cancer patients and tobacco chewers. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the composition of oral microbiota in OC patients and tobacco chewers in India and compared it with healthy controls. The abundance of predominant phyla, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes varied between the study groups. Our study identified Leptotrichia, Treponema, Lautropia, and Cardiobacterium as significantly enriched in tobacco chewers, whereas genera Pseudomonas, Capnocytophaga, and Mycoplasma were enriched in oral cancer, which could be potential biomarkers for the Indian population. Furthermore, the functional prediction revealed that genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid elongation were upregulated in the oral cancer group, whereas those for the reductive TCA cycle were upregulated in the tobacco group. As the role of bacteria in oral cancer is becoming more evident, identification of bacterial diversity and biomarkers for tobacco chewers and OC patients can aid in the early diagnosis of OC in high-risk individuals.
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spelling pubmed-98640122023-01-22 Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India Sawant, Shriya Dugad, Jinesh Parikh, Deepak Srinivasan, Sathiyaraj Singh, Harinder Pathogens Article Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome has been found to play a key role in the genesis and progression of oral cancer (OC). Tobacco chewing, a risk factor for oral cancer, is also associated with oral dysbiosis. Since tobacco chewing is a lifestyle habit in the South Asian subcontinent, including India, and contributes to one-third of the global oral cancer burden; we aimed to identify the oral bacterial diversity of Indian oral cancer patients and tobacco chewers. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the composition of oral microbiota in OC patients and tobacco chewers in India and compared it with healthy controls. The abundance of predominant phyla, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes varied between the study groups. Our study identified Leptotrichia, Treponema, Lautropia, and Cardiobacterium as significantly enriched in tobacco chewers, whereas genera Pseudomonas, Capnocytophaga, and Mycoplasma were enriched in oral cancer, which could be potential biomarkers for the Indian population. Furthermore, the functional prediction revealed that genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid elongation were upregulated in the oral cancer group, whereas those for the reductive TCA cycle were upregulated in the tobacco group. As the role of bacteria in oral cancer is becoming more evident, identification of bacterial diversity and biomarkers for tobacco chewers and OC patients can aid in the early diagnosis of OC in high-risk individuals. MDPI 2023-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9864012/ /pubmed/36678424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010078 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sawant, Shriya
Dugad, Jinesh
Parikh, Deepak
Srinivasan, Sathiyaraj
Singh, Harinder
Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title_full Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title_fullStr Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title_full_unstemmed Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title_short Oral Microbial Signatures of Tobacco Chewers and Oral Cancer Patients in India
title_sort oral microbial signatures of tobacco chewers and oral cancer patients in india
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9864012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010078
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