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Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring
An electrocardiograph records the periodic voltage generated by the heart over time. There is growing demand to continuously monitor the ECG for proactive health care and human performance optimization. To meet this demand, new conductive textile electrodes are being developed which offer an attract...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9864099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020598 |
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author | Brehm, Peter J. Anderson, Allison P. |
author_facet | Brehm, Peter J. Anderson, Allison P. |
author_sort | Brehm, Peter J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | An electrocardiograph records the periodic voltage generated by the heart over time. There is growing demand to continuously monitor the ECG for proactive health care and human performance optimization. To meet this demand, new conductive textile electrodes are being developed which offer an attractive alternative to adhesive gel electrodes but they come with their own challenges. The key challenge with textile electrodes is that the relationship between the manufacturing parameters and the ECG measurement is not well understood, making design an iterative process without the ability to prospectively develop woven electrodes with optimized performance. Here we address this challenge by applying the traditional skin−electrode interface circuit model to woven electrodes by constructing a parameterized model of the ECG system. Then the unknown parameters of the system are solved for with an iterative MATLAB optimizer using measured data captured with the woven electrodes. The results of this novel analysis confirm that yarn conductivity and total conductive area reduce skin electrode impedance. The results also indicate that electrode skin pressure and moisture require further investigation. By closing this gap in development, textile electrodes can be better designed and manufactured to meet the demands of long−term ECG capture. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9864099 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98640992023-01-22 Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring Brehm, Peter J. Anderson, Allison P. Sensors (Basel) Article An electrocardiograph records the periodic voltage generated by the heart over time. There is growing demand to continuously monitor the ECG for proactive health care and human performance optimization. To meet this demand, new conductive textile electrodes are being developed which offer an attractive alternative to adhesive gel electrodes but they come with their own challenges. The key challenge with textile electrodes is that the relationship between the manufacturing parameters and the ECG measurement is not well understood, making design an iterative process without the ability to prospectively develop woven electrodes with optimized performance. Here we address this challenge by applying the traditional skin−electrode interface circuit model to woven electrodes by constructing a parameterized model of the ECG system. Then the unknown parameters of the system are solved for with an iterative MATLAB optimizer using measured data captured with the woven electrodes. The results of this novel analysis confirm that yarn conductivity and total conductive area reduce skin electrode impedance. The results also indicate that electrode skin pressure and moisture require further investigation. By closing this gap in development, textile electrodes can be better designed and manufactured to meet the demands of long−term ECG capture. MDPI 2023-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9864099/ /pubmed/36679395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020598 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Brehm, Peter J. Anderson, Allison P. Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title | Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title_full | Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title_fullStr | Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title_full_unstemmed | Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title_short | Modeling the Design Characteristics of Woven Textile Electrodes for long−Term ECG Monitoring |
title_sort | modeling the design characteristics of woven textile electrodes for long−term ecg monitoring |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9864099/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020598 |
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