Chinese Species of the Genus Pseudanaphes Noyes & Valentine (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with Description of a New Species †

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Parasitoids of the family Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are difficult to collect and study, in part because of their small body size of 0.2–1.5 mm. Currently, more than 1500 species have been described and recorded. However, molecular data are rarely generated and used in relation to these small parasitoids. The genus Pseudanaphes is one of the smaller genera, with only five known species, for which molecular data were not available until this study. In this study, a new species of Pseudanaphes, P. yadongicus Aishan & Cao sp. nov., is separated from the known species P. zhaoi Lin by combining morphological and molecular data, both collected in Tibet, China. The DNA barcode and illustrations of P. zhaoi are also provided simultaneously. The DNA barcodes, morphological diagnosis, and a key to the world species of this genus will facilitate studies on this genus. ABSTRACT: The fairyfly Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are widely distributed worldwide, but species of this family have rarely been collected and recorded from the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. In this study, mymarids collected in Tibet, China, are identified based on morphology and molecular data. Two species of the genus Pseudanaphes Noyes & Valentine are treated and illustrated here, including a known species, P. zhaoi Lin, and a new species, P. yadongicus Aishan & Cao sp. nov. In addition, a key to the world species of Pseudanaphes (females) and DNA barcodes for P. yadongicus and P. zhaoi are provided.