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Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of childhood’s most common bacterial infections. The study aimed to determine the clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, risk factors, and etiology of different UTIs in children admitted to pediatric hospitals for three years. Methods: Patients with positive uri...

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Autores principales: Daniel, Maria, Szymanik-Grzelak, Hanna, Sierdziński, Janusz, Podsiadły, Edyta, Kowalewska-Młot, Magdalena, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865477/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010138
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author Daniel, Maria
Szymanik-Grzelak, Hanna
Sierdziński, Janusz
Podsiadły, Edyta
Kowalewska-Młot, Magdalena
Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata
author_facet Daniel, Maria
Szymanik-Grzelak, Hanna
Sierdziński, Janusz
Podsiadły, Edyta
Kowalewska-Młot, Magdalena
Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata
author_sort Daniel, Maria
collection PubMed
description Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of childhood’s most common bacterial infections. The study aimed to determine the clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, risk factors, and etiology of different UTIs in children admitted to pediatric hospitals for three years. Methods: Patients with positive urine cultures diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis (APN) or cystitis (CYS) were analyzed for clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, risk factors, and etiology, depending on their age and sex. Results: We studied 948 children with UTIs (531 girls and 417 boys), with a median age of 12 (IQR 5–48 months). A total of 789 children had clinical symptoms; the main symptom was fever (63.4% of patients). Specific symptoms of UTIs were presented only in 16.3% of patients. Children with APN had shown significantly more frequent loss of appetite, vomiting, lethargy, seizures, and less frequent dysuria and haematuria than children with CYS. We found significantly higher median WBC, CRP, and leukocyturia in children with APN than with CYS. The risk factors of UTIs were presented in 46.6% of patients, of which 35.6% were children with APN and 61.7% with CYS. The main risk factor was CAKUT, more frequently diagnosed in children with CYS than APN, mainly in children <2 years. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (74%). There was a higher percentage of urine samples with E. coli in girls than in boys. Other bacteria found were Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus species. Conclusions: Patients with APN were younger and had higher inflammatory markers. Often, fever is the only symptom of UTI in children, and other clinical signs are usually non-specific. The most common UTI etiology is E. coli, regardless of the clinical presentation and risk factors.
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spelling pubmed-98654772023-01-22 Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation Daniel, Maria Szymanik-Grzelak, Hanna Sierdziński, Janusz Podsiadły, Edyta Kowalewska-Młot, Magdalena Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata J Pers Med Article Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of childhood’s most common bacterial infections. The study aimed to determine the clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, risk factors, and etiology of different UTIs in children admitted to pediatric hospitals for three years. Methods: Patients with positive urine cultures diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis (APN) or cystitis (CYS) were analyzed for clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, risk factors, and etiology, depending on their age and sex. Results: We studied 948 children with UTIs (531 girls and 417 boys), with a median age of 12 (IQR 5–48 months). A total of 789 children had clinical symptoms; the main symptom was fever (63.4% of patients). Specific symptoms of UTIs were presented only in 16.3% of patients. Children with APN had shown significantly more frequent loss of appetite, vomiting, lethargy, seizures, and less frequent dysuria and haematuria than children with CYS. We found significantly higher median WBC, CRP, and leukocyturia in children with APN than with CYS. The risk factors of UTIs were presented in 46.6% of patients, of which 35.6% were children with APN and 61.7% with CYS. The main risk factor was CAKUT, more frequently diagnosed in children with CYS than APN, mainly in children <2 years. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (74%). There was a higher percentage of urine samples with E. coli in girls than in boys. Other bacteria found were Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus species. Conclusions: Patients with APN were younger and had higher inflammatory markers. Often, fever is the only symptom of UTI in children, and other clinical signs are usually non-specific. The most common UTI etiology is E. coli, regardless of the clinical presentation and risk factors. MDPI 2023-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9865477/ /pubmed/36675799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010138 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Daniel, Maria
Szymanik-Grzelak, Hanna
Sierdziński, Janusz
Podsiadły, Edyta
Kowalewska-Młot, Magdalena
Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title_full Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title_fullStr Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title_short Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children—A Single-Center Observation
title_sort epidemiology and risk factors of utis in children—a single-center observation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865477/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010138
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