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Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices

Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), a biocide widely used as a preservative in household cleaning and personal care products, is cytotoxic to lung cells and a known skin allergen in humans, which highlights the importance of assessing its toxicity and pharmacokinetics. In this study, a simple, sensitive, and...

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Autores principales: Jo, Seong Jun, Huang, Zhouchi, Lee, Chae Bin, Chae, Soon Uk, Bae, Soo Hyeon, Bae, Soo Kyung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36677902
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020845
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author Jo, Seong Jun
Huang, Zhouchi
Lee, Chae Bin
Chae, Soon Uk
Bae, Soo Hyeon
Bae, Soo Kyung
author_facet Jo, Seong Jun
Huang, Zhouchi
Lee, Chae Bin
Chae, Soon Uk
Bae, Soo Hyeon
Bae, Soo Kyung
author_sort Jo, Seong Jun
collection PubMed
description Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), a biocide widely used as a preservative in household cleaning and personal care products, is cytotoxic to lung cells and a known skin allergen in humans, which highlights the importance of assessing its toxicity and pharmacokinetics. In this study, a simple, sensitive, and accurate LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of BIT in rat plasma, urine, or tissue homogenates (50 μL) using phenacetin as an internal standard was developed and validated. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated using a Kinetex phenyl–hexyl column (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm) with isocratic 0.1% formic acid in methanol and distilled water over a run time of 6 min. Positive electrospray ionization with multiple reaction monitoring transitions of m/z 152.2 > 134.1 for BIT and 180.2 > 110.1 for phenacetin was used for quantification. This assay achieved good linearity in the calibration ranges of 2–2000 ng/mL (plasma and urine) and 10–1000 ng/mL (tissue homogenates), with r ≥ 0.9929. All validation parameters met the acceptance criteria. BIT pharmacokinetics was evaluated via an intravenous and dermal application. This is the first study that evaluated BIT pharmacokinetics in rats, providing insights into the relationship between BIT exposure and toxicity and a basis for future risk assessment studies in humans.
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spelling pubmed-98656922023-01-22 Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices Jo, Seong Jun Huang, Zhouchi Lee, Chae Bin Chae, Soon Uk Bae, Soo Hyeon Bae, Soo Kyung Molecules Article Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), a biocide widely used as a preservative in household cleaning and personal care products, is cytotoxic to lung cells and a known skin allergen in humans, which highlights the importance of assessing its toxicity and pharmacokinetics. In this study, a simple, sensitive, and accurate LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of BIT in rat plasma, urine, or tissue homogenates (50 μL) using phenacetin as an internal standard was developed and validated. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated using a Kinetex phenyl–hexyl column (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm) with isocratic 0.1% formic acid in methanol and distilled water over a run time of 6 min. Positive electrospray ionization with multiple reaction monitoring transitions of m/z 152.2 > 134.1 for BIT and 180.2 > 110.1 for phenacetin was used for quantification. This assay achieved good linearity in the calibration ranges of 2–2000 ng/mL (plasma and urine) and 10–1000 ng/mL (tissue homogenates), with r ≥ 0.9929. All validation parameters met the acceptance criteria. BIT pharmacokinetics was evaluated via an intravenous and dermal application. This is the first study that evaluated BIT pharmacokinetics in rats, providing insights into the relationship between BIT exposure and toxicity and a basis for future risk assessment studies in humans. MDPI 2023-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9865692/ /pubmed/36677902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020845 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jo, Seong Jun
Huang, Zhouchi
Lee, Chae Bin
Chae, Soon Uk
Bae, Soo Hyeon
Bae, Soo Kyung
Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title_full Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title_fullStr Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title_full_unstemmed Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title_short Analytical Method Development of Benzisothiazolinone, a Biocide, Using LC–MS/MS and a Pharmacokinetic Application in Rat Biological Matrices
title_sort analytical method development of benzisothiazolinone, a biocide, using lc–ms/ms and a pharmacokinetic application in rat biological matrices
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36677902
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020845
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