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Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Vibriosis is an important bacterial disease of marine fish that causes large mortality rates, resulting in substantial economic losses to the aquaculture industry. A new feed-based monovalent vaccine against vibriosis has been developed, but field efficacy of this vaccine has not yet...

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Autores principales: Amir-Danial, Zahaludin, Zamri-Saad, Mohd, Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai, Annas, Salleh, Mohamad, Aslah, Jumria, Sutra, Manchanayake, Tilusha, Arbania, Ali, Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010009
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author Amir-Danial, Zahaludin
Zamri-Saad, Mohd
Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai
Annas, Salleh
Mohamad, Aslah
Jumria, Sutra
Manchanayake, Tilusha
Arbania, Ali
Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin
author_facet Amir-Danial, Zahaludin
Zamri-Saad, Mohd
Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai
Annas, Salleh
Mohamad, Aslah
Jumria, Sutra
Manchanayake, Tilusha
Arbania, Ali
Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin
author_sort Amir-Danial, Zahaludin
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Vibriosis is an important bacterial disease of marine fish that causes large mortality rates, resulting in substantial economic losses to the aquaculture industry. A new feed-based monovalent vaccine against vibriosis has been developed, but field efficacy of this vaccine has not yet been studied. This study determines the immune response and protective efficacy of the vaccine in Asian seabass that were kept in a field environment. The results revealed that the innate and adaptive immune responses were significantly higher in the vaccinated compared to the non-vaccinated groups. ABSTRACT: Vibrio spp. are important aquaculture pathogens that cause vibriosis, affecting large numbers of marine fish species. This study determines the field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured Asian seabass. A total of 4800 Asian seabass, kept in a field environment, were separated equally into two groups (vaccinated and non-vaccinated) in duplicate. Fish of Group 1 were orally administered the feed-based vaccine on weeks 0 (prime vaccination), 2 (booster), and 6 (second booster) at 4% body weight, while the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2 were fed with a commercial formulated pellet without the vaccine. Fish gut, mucus, and serum were collected, the length and weight of the fish were noted, while the mortality was recorded at 2-week intervals for a period of 16 weeks. The non-specific lysozyme activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the fish of Group 1 than the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2. Similarly, the specific IgM antibody levels in serum and mucus were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, as seen in the second week, with the highest level 8 weeks after primary immunization. At week 16, the growth performance was significantly (p < 0.05) better in Group 1 and showed lower bacterial isolation in the gut than Group 2. Despite the statistical insignificance (p > 0.05), the survival rate was slightly higher in Group 1 (71.3%) than Group 2 (67.7%). This study revealed that feed-based vaccination improves growth performance, stimulates innate and adaptive immune responses, and increases protection of cultured Asian seabass, L. calcarifer, against vibriosis.
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spelling pubmed-98657052023-01-22 Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia Amir-Danial, Zahaludin Zamri-Saad, Mohd Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai Annas, Salleh Mohamad, Aslah Jumria, Sutra Manchanayake, Tilusha Arbania, Ali Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin Vaccines (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Vibriosis is an important bacterial disease of marine fish that causes large mortality rates, resulting in substantial economic losses to the aquaculture industry. A new feed-based monovalent vaccine against vibriosis has been developed, but field efficacy of this vaccine has not yet been studied. This study determines the immune response and protective efficacy of the vaccine in Asian seabass that were kept in a field environment. The results revealed that the innate and adaptive immune responses were significantly higher in the vaccinated compared to the non-vaccinated groups. ABSTRACT: Vibrio spp. are important aquaculture pathogens that cause vibriosis, affecting large numbers of marine fish species. This study determines the field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured Asian seabass. A total of 4800 Asian seabass, kept in a field environment, were separated equally into two groups (vaccinated and non-vaccinated) in duplicate. Fish of Group 1 were orally administered the feed-based vaccine on weeks 0 (prime vaccination), 2 (booster), and 6 (second booster) at 4% body weight, while the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2 were fed with a commercial formulated pellet without the vaccine. Fish gut, mucus, and serum were collected, the length and weight of the fish were noted, while the mortality was recorded at 2-week intervals for a period of 16 weeks. The non-specific lysozyme activities were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the fish of Group 1 than the non-vaccinated fish of Group 2. Similarly, the specific IgM antibody levels in serum and mucus were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Group 1 than in Group 2, as seen in the second week, with the highest level 8 weeks after primary immunization. At week 16, the growth performance was significantly (p < 0.05) better in Group 1 and showed lower bacterial isolation in the gut than Group 2. Despite the statistical insignificance (p > 0.05), the survival rate was slightly higher in Group 1 (71.3%) than Group 2 (67.7%). This study revealed that feed-based vaccination improves growth performance, stimulates innate and adaptive immune responses, and increases protection of cultured Asian seabass, L. calcarifer, against vibriosis. MDPI 2022-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9865705/ /pubmed/36679854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010009 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Amir-Danial, Zahaludin
Zamri-Saad, Mohd
Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai
Annas, Salleh
Mohamad, Aslah
Jumria, Sutra
Manchanayake, Tilusha
Arbania, Ali
Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin
Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title_full Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title_fullStr Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title_short Field Efficacy of a Feed-Based Inactivated Vaccine against Vibriosis in Cage-Cultured Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer, in Malaysia
title_sort field efficacy of a feed-based inactivated vaccine against vibriosis in cage-cultured asian seabass, lates calcarifer, in malaysia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9865705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010009
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