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Determination of Chemical Composition and Investigation of Biological Activities of Ocimum basilicum L.

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum L., as well as to evaluate the antibacterial, antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the EOs and aqueous extracts of O. basilicum. The antibacterial activity was eva...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Qasem, Ahmed, Assaggaf, Hamza, Mrabti, Hanae Naceiri, Minshawi, Faisal, Rajab, Bodour S., Attar, Ammar A., Alyamani, Reema A., Hamed, Munerah, Mrabti, Nidal Naceiri, Baaboua, Aicha El, Omari, Nasreddine El, Alshahrani, Mohammed Merae, Awadh, Ahmed Abdullah Al, Sheikh, Ryan Adnan, Ming, Long Chiau, Goh, Khang Wen, Bouyahya, Abdelhakim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866482/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36677672
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020614
Descripción
Sumario:This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum L., as well as to evaluate the antibacterial, antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the EOs and aqueous extracts of O. basilicum. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against bacterial strains, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, using the well diffusion and microdilution methods, whereas the antidiabetic activity was assessed in vitro using two enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. On the other hand, the dermatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities were studied by testing tyrosinase and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, respectively. The results showed that the chemical composition of O. basilicum EO (OBEO) is dominated by methyl chavicol (86%) and trans-anethol (8%). OBEO exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, demonstrated by considerable diameters of the inhibition zones and lower MIC and MBC values. In addition, OBEO exhibited significant inhibition of α-amylase (IC(50) = 50.51 ± 0.32 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC(50) = 39.84 ± 1.2 μg/mL). Concerning the anti-inflammatory activity, OBEO significantly inhibited lipoxygenase activity (IC(50) = 18.28 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC(50) = 24.8 ± 0.01 μg/mL). Moreover, tyrosinase was considerably inhibited by OBEO (IC(50) = 68.58 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC(50) = 118.37 ± 0.05 μg/mL). The toxicological investigations revealed the safety of O. basilicum in acute and chronic toxicity. The finding of in silico analysis showed that methyl chavicol and trans-anethole (main compounds of OBEO) validate the pharmacokinetics of these compounds and decipher some antibacterial targets.