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The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated
The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity level (PA) on physical fitness by controlling for individual characteristics in Italian children. A total of 329 children (girls n = 155, 42.6%; from five primary schools, 17 classes) aged 8–10 filled out the Physica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866618/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36668707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010003 |
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author | Lupo, Corrado De Pasquale, Paolo Boccia, Gennaro Ungureanu, Alexandru Nicolae Moisè, Paolo Mulasso, Anna Brustio, Paolo Riccardo |
author_facet | Lupo, Corrado De Pasquale, Paolo Boccia, Gennaro Ungureanu, Alexandru Nicolae Moisè, Paolo Mulasso, Anna Brustio, Paolo Riccardo |
author_sort | Lupo, Corrado |
collection | PubMed |
description | The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity level (PA) on physical fitness by controlling for individual characteristics in Italian children. A total of 329 children (girls n = 155, 42.6%; from five primary schools, 17 classes) aged 8–10 filled out the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess their PA level and performed anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, and BMI) and physical tests for measuring sprint (20 m sprint), cardiorespiratory fitness (shuttle-run test), balance (single-leg stance), handgrip strength (handgrip), lower-limb power (standing long-jump), peak force (countermovement jump), and low-back flexibility (sit-and-reach) skills. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to determine the relationship between physical fitness and PAQ-C score controlling for individual characteristics (i.e., gender, age, BMI). Results reported significant relationships between PAQ-C scores and sit-and-reach, shuttle-run, long-jump, and sprint tests. All considered physical tests were correlated with gender, age, and BMI, except for sit-and-reach from BMI. The variance in age, gender, BMI, and PAQ-C score accounted altogether for 30.0% of the variance in handgrip, 23.0% in single-leg stance, 26% in sit-and-reach, 36% in shuttle-run, 31% in long-jump, 34% in sprint, and 31% in countermovement jump. Therefore, the relationship between PA and fitness is not absolute and depends on the test and children’s characteristics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9866618 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98666182023-01-22 The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated Lupo, Corrado De Pasquale, Paolo Boccia, Gennaro Ungureanu, Alexandru Nicolae Moisè, Paolo Mulasso, Anna Brustio, Paolo Riccardo Sports (Basel) Article The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity level (PA) on physical fitness by controlling for individual characteristics in Italian children. A total of 329 children (girls n = 155, 42.6%; from five primary schools, 17 classes) aged 8–10 filled out the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess their PA level and performed anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, and BMI) and physical tests for measuring sprint (20 m sprint), cardiorespiratory fitness (shuttle-run test), balance (single-leg stance), handgrip strength (handgrip), lower-limb power (standing long-jump), peak force (countermovement jump), and low-back flexibility (sit-and-reach) skills. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to determine the relationship between physical fitness and PAQ-C score controlling for individual characteristics (i.e., gender, age, BMI). Results reported significant relationships between PAQ-C scores and sit-and-reach, shuttle-run, long-jump, and sprint tests. All considered physical tests were correlated with gender, age, and BMI, except for sit-and-reach from BMI. The variance in age, gender, BMI, and PAQ-C score accounted altogether for 30.0% of the variance in handgrip, 23.0% in single-leg stance, 26% in sit-and-reach, 36% in shuttle-run, 31% in long-jump, 34% in sprint, and 31% in countermovement jump. Therefore, the relationship between PA and fitness is not absolute and depends on the test and children’s characteristics. MDPI 2022-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9866618/ /pubmed/36668707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010003 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lupo, Corrado De Pasquale, Paolo Boccia, Gennaro Ungureanu, Alexandru Nicolae Moisè, Paolo Mulasso, Anna Brustio, Paolo Riccardo The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title | The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title_full | The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title_fullStr | The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title_full_unstemmed | The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title_short | The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated |
title_sort | most active child is not always the fittest: physical activity and fitness are weakly correlated |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866618/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36668707 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11010003 |
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