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Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience
Effective treatments and vaccines against COVID-19 used in clinical practice have made a positive impact on controlling the spread of the pandemic, where they are available. Nevertheless, even if fully vaccinated, immunocompromised patients still remain at high risk of adverse outcomes. This has dri...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36680160 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010118 |
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author | Akinosoglou, Karolina Rigopoulos, Emmanouil-Angelos Kaiafa, Georgia Daios, Stylianos Karlafti, Eleni Ztriva, Eleftheria Polychronopoulos, Georgios Gogos, Charalambos Savopoulos, Christos |
author_facet | Akinosoglou, Karolina Rigopoulos, Emmanouil-Angelos Kaiafa, Georgia Daios, Stylianos Karlafti, Eleni Ztriva, Eleftheria Polychronopoulos, Georgios Gogos, Charalambos Savopoulos, Christos |
author_sort | Akinosoglou, Karolina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Effective treatments and vaccines against COVID-19 used in clinical practice have made a positive impact on controlling the spread of the pandemic, where they are available. Nevertheless, even if fully vaccinated, immunocompromised patients still remain at high risk of adverse outcomes. This has driven the largely expanding field of monoclonal antibodies, with variable results. Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab (AZD7442), a long-acting antibody combination that inhibits the attachment of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the surface of cells, has proved promising in reducing the incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 or death in high-risk individuals without major adverse events when given as prophylaxis, as well as early treatment. Real-world data confirm the antibody combination’s prophylaxis efficacy in lowering the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality associated with COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients, patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and hematological malignancies, and patients in B-cell-depleting therapies. Data suggest a difference in neutralization efficiency between the SARS-CoV-2 subtypes in favor of the BA.2 over the BA.1. In treating COVID-19, AZD7442 showed a significant reduction in severe COVID-19 cases and mortality when given early in the course of disease, and within 5 days of symptom onset, without being associated with severe adverse events, even when it is used in addition to standard care. The possibility of the development of spike-protein mutations that resist monoclonal antibodies has been reported; therefore, increased vigilance is required in view of the evolving variants. AZD7442 may be a powerful ally in preventing COVID-19 and the mortality associated with it in high-risk individuals. Further research is required to include more high-risk groups and assess the concerns limiting its use, along the SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary trajectory. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9866621 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98666212023-01-22 Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience Akinosoglou, Karolina Rigopoulos, Emmanouil-Angelos Kaiafa, Georgia Daios, Stylianos Karlafti, Eleni Ztriva, Eleftheria Polychronopoulos, Georgios Gogos, Charalambos Savopoulos, Christos Viruses Review Effective treatments and vaccines against COVID-19 used in clinical practice have made a positive impact on controlling the spread of the pandemic, where they are available. Nevertheless, even if fully vaccinated, immunocompromised patients still remain at high risk of adverse outcomes. This has driven the largely expanding field of monoclonal antibodies, with variable results. Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab (AZD7442), a long-acting antibody combination that inhibits the attachment of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the surface of cells, has proved promising in reducing the incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 or death in high-risk individuals without major adverse events when given as prophylaxis, as well as early treatment. Real-world data confirm the antibody combination’s prophylaxis efficacy in lowering the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality associated with COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients, patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and hematological malignancies, and patients in B-cell-depleting therapies. Data suggest a difference in neutralization efficiency between the SARS-CoV-2 subtypes in favor of the BA.2 over the BA.1. In treating COVID-19, AZD7442 showed a significant reduction in severe COVID-19 cases and mortality when given early in the course of disease, and within 5 days of symptom onset, without being associated with severe adverse events, even when it is used in addition to standard care. The possibility of the development of spike-protein mutations that resist monoclonal antibodies has been reported; therefore, increased vigilance is required in view of the evolving variants. AZD7442 may be a powerful ally in preventing COVID-19 and the mortality associated with it in high-risk individuals. Further research is required to include more high-risk groups and assess the concerns limiting its use, along the SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary trajectory. MDPI 2022-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9866621/ /pubmed/36680160 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010118 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Akinosoglou, Karolina Rigopoulos, Emmanouil-Angelos Kaiafa, Georgia Daios, Stylianos Karlafti, Eleni Ztriva, Eleftheria Polychronopoulos, Georgios Gogos, Charalambos Savopoulos, Christos Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title | Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title_full | Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title_fullStr | Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title_full_unstemmed | Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title_short | Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience |
title_sort | tixagevimab/cilgavimab in sars-cov-2 prophylaxis and therapy: a comprehensive review of clinical experience |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36680160 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010118 |
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