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Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China

Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a not rare condition in HIV-negative patients. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, possible risk factors, and outcomes of HIV-negative patients with CM. Methods: Medical records from 99 HIV-negative patients with CM admitted to our hospital from...

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Autores principales: Huang, Yu, Jin, Xiaozhi, Wu, Faling, Pan, Tongtong, Wang, Xiaodong, Chen, Dazhi, Chen, Yongping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675447
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020515
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author Huang, Yu
Jin, Xiaozhi
Wu, Faling
Pan, Tongtong
Wang, Xiaodong
Chen, Dazhi
Chen, Yongping
author_facet Huang, Yu
Jin, Xiaozhi
Wu, Faling
Pan, Tongtong
Wang, Xiaodong
Chen, Dazhi
Chen, Yongping
author_sort Huang, Yu
collection PubMed
description Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a not rare condition in HIV-negative patients. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, possible risk factors, and outcomes of HIV-negative patients with CM. Methods: Medical records from 99 HIV-negative patients with CM admitted to our hospital from 2010 to 2021 were reviewed systematically. We compared the clinical features and outcomes between patients with underlying diseases and otherwise healthy hosts. Results: The 99 HIV-negative CM patients had a mean age at presentation of 56.2 ± 16.2 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 77:22. A total of 52 (52.5%) CM patients had underlying conditions, and 47 patients (47.5%) had no underlying conditions. Kidney transplant represented the most frequent underlying condition (11.1%), followed by rheumatic disease (10.1%) and hematological diseases (9.1%). Compared to patients without underlying conditions, those with underlying conditions had significantly more fever, more steroid therapy, higher serum creatinine, and lower albumin, IgG, hemoglobin, and platelets (p < 0.05 for each). CM patients without underlying conditions had significantly more alcohol abuse than those with underlying conditions (31.9% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.011). By logistic regression analysis, male gender (OR = 3.16, p = 0.001), higher CSF WBC (OR = 2.88, p = 0.005), and protein (OR = 2.82, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Patients with underlying conditions had a similar mortality to patients without underlying conditions. Alcohol abuse was a probable risk factor for CM for previously healthy patients. Male gender, higher CSF WBC, and protein were significantly associated with mortality.
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spelling pubmed-98666922023-01-22 Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China Huang, Yu Jin, Xiaozhi Wu, Faling Pan, Tongtong Wang, Xiaodong Chen, Dazhi Chen, Yongping J Clin Med Article Objective: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a not rare condition in HIV-negative patients. Here, we describe the clinical characteristics, possible risk factors, and outcomes of HIV-negative patients with CM. Methods: Medical records from 99 HIV-negative patients with CM admitted to our hospital from 2010 to 2021 were reviewed systematically. We compared the clinical features and outcomes between patients with underlying diseases and otherwise healthy hosts. Results: The 99 HIV-negative CM patients had a mean age at presentation of 56.2 ± 16.2 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 77:22. A total of 52 (52.5%) CM patients had underlying conditions, and 47 patients (47.5%) had no underlying conditions. Kidney transplant represented the most frequent underlying condition (11.1%), followed by rheumatic disease (10.1%) and hematological diseases (9.1%). Compared to patients without underlying conditions, those with underlying conditions had significantly more fever, more steroid therapy, higher serum creatinine, and lower albumin, IgG, hemoglobin, and platelets (p < 0.05 for each). CM patients without underlying conditions had significantly more alcohol abuse than those with underlying conditions (31.9% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.011). By logistic regression analysis, male gender (OR = 3.16, p = 0.001), higher CSF WBC (OR = 2.88, p = 0.005), and protein (OR = 2.82, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: Patients with underlying conditions had a similar mortality to patients without underlying conditions. Alcohol abuse was a probable risk factor for CM for previously healthy patients. Male gender, higher CSF WBC, and protein were significantly associated with mortality. MDPI 2023-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9866692/ /pubmed/36675447 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020515 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Huang, Yu
Jin, Xiaozhi
Wu, Faling
Pan, Tongtong
Wang, Xiaodong
Chen, Dazhi
Chen, Yongping
Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title_full Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title_fullStr Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title_full_unstemmed Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title_short Cryptococcal Meningitis in HIV-Negative Patients: A 12-Year Single-Center Experience in China
title_sort cryptococcal meningitis in hiv-negative patients: a 12-year single-center experience in china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9866692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36675447
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020515
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