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MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology
SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rising areas of nutrigenomics and feedomics determine the fashion of research in the field of veterinary medicine. In the present review, we summarize recent findings about how nutrition influences metabolic disorders and diseases through modifications in the activity and functio...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867202/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36669058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010057 |
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author | Ojo, Oyindamola Esther Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne |
author_facet | Ojo, Oyindamola Esther Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne |
author_sort | Ojo, Oyindamola Esther |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rising areas of nutrigenomics and feedomics determine the fashion of research in the field of veterinary medicine. In the present review, we summarize recent findings about how nutrition influences metabolic disorders and diseases through modifications in the activity and function of microRNAs. MicroRNAs perform essential functions in a variety of biological processes, including differentiation, cell proliferation, metabolism, development, and inflammation. Circulating microRNAs are being investigated as potential biomarkers of disease, susceptibility, and dietary exposure. Finally, we highlight the role of microRNAs as biomarkers in ruminant health and diseases, and discuss the difficulties of biomarker development in the transition from bench to clinical practice. ABSTRACT: The knowledge of how diet choices, dietary supplements, and feed intake influence molecular mechanisms in ruminant nutrition and physiology to maintain ruminant health, is essential to attain. In the present review, we focus on the role of microRNAs in ruminant health and disease; additionally, we discuss the potential of circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of disease in ruminants and the state of technology for their detection, also considering the major difficulties in the transition of biomarker development from bench to clinical practice. MicroRNAs are an inexhaustible class of endogenous non-protein coding small RNAs of 18 to 25 nucleotides that target either the 3′ untranslated (UTR) or coding region of genes, ensuring a tight post-transcriptionally controlled regulation of gene expression. The development of new “omics” technologies facilitated a fresh perspective on the nutrition–to–gene relationship, incorporating more extensive data from molecular genetics, animal nutrition, and veterinary sciences. MicroRNAs might serve as important regulators of metabolic processes and may present the inter-phase between nutrition and gene regulation, controlled by the diet. The development of biomarkers holds the potential to revolutionize veterinary practice through faster disease detection, more accurate ruminant health monitoring, enhanced welfare, and increased productivity. Finally, we summarize the latest findings on how microRNAs function as biomarkers, how technological paradigms are reshaping this field of research, and how platforms are being used to identify novel biomarkers. Numerous studies have demonstrated a connection between circulating microRNAs and ruminant diseases such as mastitis, tuberculosis, foot-and-mouth disease, fasciolosis, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, the identification and analysis of a small number of microRNAs can provide crucial information about the stage of a disease, etiology, and prognosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9867202 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98672022023-01-22 MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology Ojo, Oyindamola Esther Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne Vet Sci Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: The rising areas of nutrigenomics and feedomics determine the fashion of research in the field of veterinary medicine. In the present review, we summarize recent findings about how nutrition influences metabolic disorders and diseases through modifications in the activity and function of microRNAs. MicroRNAs perform essential functions in a variety of biological processes, including differentiation, cell proliferation, metabolism, development, and inflammation. Circulating microRNAs are being investigated as potential biomarkers of disease, susceptibility, and dietary exposure. Finally, we highlight the role of microRNAs as biomarkers in ruminant health and diseases, and discuss the difficulties of biomarker development in the transition from bench to clinical practice. ABSTRACT: The knowledge of how diet choices, dietary supplements, and feed intake influence molecular mechanisms in ruminant nutrition and physiology to maintain ruminant health, is essential to attain. In the present review, we focus on the role of microRNAs in ruminant health and disease; additionally, we discuss the potential of circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of disease in ruminants and the state of technology for their detection, also considering the major difficulties in the transition of biomarker development from bench to clinical practice. MicroRNAs are an inexhaustible class of endogenous non-protein coding small RNAs of 18 to 25 nucleotides that target either the 3′ untranslated (UTR) or coding region of genes, ensuring a tight post-transcriptionally controlled regulation of gene expression. The development of new “omics” technologies facilitated a fresh perspective on the nutrition–to–gene relationship, incorporating more extensive data from molecular genetics, animal nutrition, and veterinary sciences. MicroRNAs might serve as important regulators of metabolic processes and may present the inter-phase between nutrition and gene regulation, controlled by the diet. The development of biomarkers holds the potential to revolutionize veterinary practice through faster disease detection, more accurate ruminant health monitoring, enhanced welfare, and increased productivity. Finally, we summarize the latest findings on how microRNAs function as biomarkers, how technological paradigms are reshaping this field of research, and how platforms are being used to identify novel biomarkers. Numerous studies have demonstrated a connection between circulating microRNAs and ruminant diseases such as mastitis, tuberculosis, foot-and-mouth disease, fasciolosis, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, the identification and analysis of a small number of microRNAs can provide crucial information about the stage of a disease, etiology, and prognosis. MDPI 2023-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9867202/ /pubmed/36669058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010057 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ojo, Oyindamola Esther Kreuzer-Redmer, Susanne MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title | MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title_full | MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title_fullStr | MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title_short | MicroRNAs in Ruminants and Their Potential Role in Nutrition and Physiology |
title_sort | micrornas in ruminants and their potential role in nutrition and physiology |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867202/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36669058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010057 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ojooyindamolaesther micrornasinruminantsandtheirpotentialroleinnutritionandphysiology AT kreuzerredmersusanne micrornasinruminantsandtheirpotentialroleinnutritionandphysiology |