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Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population

In early life, maternal factors are of the utmost relevance for oral microbiome acquisition and maturation. Therefore, our study explored the impact of maternal factors, such as saliva and breastmilk colonization, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), type of delivery, oral health, and caregiving habit...

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Autores principales: Fernandes, Mariana, Azevedo, Maria João, Campos, Carla, Ferreira, Ana Filipa, Azevedo, Álvaro, Falcão-Pires, Inês, Zaura, Egija, Ramalho, Carla, Campos, Joana, Sampaio-Maia, Benedita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678427
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010080
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author Fernandes, Mariana
Azevedo, Maria João
Campos, Carla
Ferreira, Ana Filipa
Azevedo, Álvaro
Falcão-Pires, Inês
Zaura, Egija
Ramalho, Carla
Campos, Joana
Sampaio-Maia, Benedita
author_facet Fernandes, Mariana
Azevedo, Maria João
Campos, Carla
Ferreira, Ana Filipa
Azevedo, Álvaro
Falcão-Pires, Inês
Zaura, Egija
Ramalho, Carla
Campos, Joana
Sampaio-Maia, Benedita
author_sort Fernandes, Mariana
collection PubMed
description In early life, maternal factors are of the utmost relevance for oral microbiome acquisition and maturation. Therefore, our study explored the impact of maternal factors, such as saliva and breastmilk colonization, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), type of delivery, oral health, and caregiving habits on the prevalence of potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life. A total of 26 healthy mothers, 23 mothers with CRF, and their 50 children were included and samples (child’s oral swabs, mother’s saliva, and breastmilk) were collected 4 to 12 weeks after delivery and inoculated in selective and differential media for detection of non-fastidious Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to isolate potential pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria identified by MALDI-TOF MS (414 isolates). Within mother–child dyads, the same species were identified in 86% of the pairs and potential pathogenic microorganisms from the Staphylococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were found to be statistically significantly concordant between mother–child samples, particularly in the healthy group. Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia oral colonization in mother–child pairs were associated with the presence of CRF. Breastfeeding was related to the early life oral colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis in children from healthy mothers and C-section was associated with higher diversity of pathogens, independent of cardiovascular status (p = 0.05). This study reveals the presence of potential oral opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria in early life and highlights the importance of maternal factors in its acquisition.
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spelling pubmed-98673332023-01-22 Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population Fernandes, Mariana Azevedo, Maria João Campos, Carla Ferreira, Ana Filipa Azevedo, Álvaro Falcão-Pires, Inês Zaura, Egija Ramalho, Carla Campos, Joana Sampaio-Maia, Benedita Pathogens Article In early life, maternal factors are of the utmost relevance for oral microbiome acquisition and maturation. Therefore, our study explored the impact of maternal factors, such as saliva and breastmilk colonization, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), type of delivery, oral health, and caregiving habits on the prevalence of potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life. A total of 26 healthy mothers, 23 mothers with CRF, and their 50 children were included and samples (child’s oral swabs, mother’s saliva, and breastmilk) were collected 4 to 12 weeks after delivery and inoculated in selective and differential media for detection of non-fastidious Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to isolate potential pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria identified by MALDI-TOF MS (414 isolates). Within mother–child dyads, the same species were identified in 86% of the pairs and potential pathogenic microorganisms from the Staphylococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were found to be statistically significantly concordant between mother–child samples, particularly in the healthy group. Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia oral colonization in mother–child pairs were associated with the presence of CRF. Breastfeeding was related to the early life oral colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis in children from healthy mothers and C-section was associated with higher diversity of pathogens, independent of cardiovascular status (p = 0.05). This study reveals the presence of potential oral opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria in early life and highlights the importance of maternal factors in its acquisition. MDPI 2023-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9867333/ /pubmed/36678427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010080 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Fernandes, Mariana
Azevedo, Maria João
Campos, Carla
Ferreira, Ana Filipa
Azevedo, Álvaro
Falcão-Pires, Inês
Zaura, Egija
Ramalho, Carla
Campos, Joana
Sampaio-Maia, Benedita
Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title_full Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title_fullStr Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title_full_unstemmed Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title_short Potential Pathogenic and Opportunistic Oral Bacteria in Early Life: The Role of Maternal Factors in a Portuguese Population
title_sort potential pathogenic and opportunistic oral bacteria in early life: the role of maternal factors in a portuguese population
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36678427
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010080
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