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Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells
Immunogenic proteins in cancer are relevant targets for drug delivery. In Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), surface antigens have previously been used to deliver the photosensitizer (PS) to the tumor microenvironment for specific targeting. However, can we target intracellular antigens to achieve more tha...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36677705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020647 |
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author | Chizenga, Elvin Peter Abrahamse, Heidi |
author_facet | Chizenga, Elvin Peter Abrahamse, Heidi |
author_sort | Chizenga, Elvin Peter |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immunogenic proteins in cancer are relevant targets for drug delivery. In Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), surface antigens have previously been used to deliver the photosensitizer (PS) to the tumor microenvironment for specific targeting. However, can we target intracellular antigens to achieve more than surface recognition? Can we possibly increase PS intracellular localization and prevent drug efflux at the same time? In this study, these questions were addressed by using a compound that can not only specifically recognize and bind to intracellular E6 oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Transformed cancer cells, but is also capable of enhancing transmembrane uptake using the cells’ own active transport mechanisms. HPV-transformed SiHa cells were cultured in vitro, and the resistant subpopulation was isolated using Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS). PDT was performed on four different cell types with varying physiognomies in terms of HPV oncoprotein expression and physiological form. Results demonstrated that tagging PSs on a carrier molecule that specifically delivers the PS inside the cells that express the target proteins enhanced both cellular uptake and retention of the PS even in the presence of drug efflux proteins on resistant subpopulations. These findings provide insight into the possibility of preventing cell-mediated resistance to PDT. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9867367 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98673672023-01-22 Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells Chizenga, Elvin Peter Abrahamse, Heidi Molecules Article Immunogenic proteins in cancer are relevant targets for drug delivery. In Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), surface antigens have previously been used to deliver the photosensitizer (PS) to the tumor microenvironment for specific targeting. However, can we target intracellular antigens to achieve more than surface recognition? Can we possibly increase PS intracellular localization and prevent drug efflux at the same time? In this study, these questions were addressed by using a compound that can not only specifically recognize and bind to intracellular E6 oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Transformed cancer cells, but is also capable of enhancing transmembrane uptake using the cells’ own active transport mechanisms. HPV-transformed SiHa cells were cultured in vitro, and the resistant subpopulation was isolated using Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS). PDT was performed on four different cell types with varying physiognomies in terms of HPV oncoprotein expression and physiological form. Results demonstrated that tagging PSs on a carrier molecule that specifically delivers the PS inside the cells that express the target proteins enhanced both cellular uptake and retention of the PS even in the presence of drug efflux proteins on resistant subpopulations. These findings provide insight into the possibility of preventing cell-mediated resistance to PDT. MDPI 2023-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9867367/ /pubmed/36677705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020647 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chizenga, Elvin Peter Abrahamse, Heidi Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title | Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title_full | Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title_fullStr | Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title_short | Enhanced Intracellular Photosensitizer Uptake and Retention by Targeting Viral Oncoproteins in Human Papillomavirus Infected Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells |
title_sort | enhanced intracellular photosensitizer uptake and retention by targeting viral oncoproteins in human papillomavirus infected cancer cells and cancer stem cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36677705 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020647 |
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