Cargando…

An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots

Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present stu...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zullo, Giuseppe, Cibin, Pierluigi, Bortolan, Lorenzo, Botteon, Michele, Petrone, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836
_version_ 1784876356689985536
author Zullo, Giuseppe
Cibin, Pierluigi
Bortolan, Lorenzo
Botteon, Michele
Petrone, Nicola
author_facet Zullo, Giuseppe
Cibin, Pierluigi
Bortolan, Lorenzo
Botteon, Michele
Petrone, Nicola
author_sort Zullo, Giuseppe
collection PubMed
description Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present study is to develop and test a lightweight and compact measurement system to obtain the Ground Reaction Forces and the kinematics for ski touring and alpine ski. To do so, we adapted two six-axis load cells to fit into ski touring and alpine skis adding 20 mm height and 500 g weight to the original ski. To measure kinematics, we created custom angular sensors from rotary potentiometers. The system was tested indoors using a force platform and motion capture system before a first set of field tests in which the sensors were used to measure ski touring and alpine skis kinetics and kinematics. Validation trials showed maximum errors of 10% for kinetics and 5% for kinematics. Field tests showed data in agreement with previous findings on the topic. The results of this study show the possibility of using our system to study biomechanics and equipment performances for ski touring, alpine skiing, and possibly other disciplines.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9867497
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98674972023-01-22 An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots Zullo, Giuseppe Cibin, Pierluigi Bortolan, Lorenzo Botteon, Michele Petrone, Nicola Sensors (Basel) Article Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present study is to develop and test a lightweight and compact measurement system to obtain the Ground Reaction Forces and the kinematics for ski touring and alpine ski. To do so, we adapted two six-axis load cells to fit into ski touring and alpine skis adding 20 mm height and 500 g weight to the original ski. To measure kinematics, we created custom angular sensors from rotary potentiometers. The system was tested indoors using a force platform and motion capture system before a first set of field tests in which the sensors were used to measure ski touring and alpine skis kinetics and kinematics. Validation trials showed maximum errors of 10% for kinetics and 5% for kinematics. Field tests showed data in agreement with previous findings on the topic. The results of this study show the possibility of using our system to study biomechanics and equipment performances for ski touring, alpine skiing, and possibly other disciplines. MDPI 2023-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9867497/ /pubmed/36679634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zullo, Giuseppe
Cibin, Pierluigi
Bortolan, Lorenzo
Botteon, Michele
Petrone, Nicola
An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title_full An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title_fullStr An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title_full_unstemmed An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title_short An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
title_sort innovative compact system to measure skiing ground reaction forces and flexural angles of alpine and touring ski boots
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836
work_keys_str_mv AT zullogiuseppe aninnovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT cibinpierluigi aninnovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT bortolanlorenzo aninnovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT botteonmichele aninnovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT petronenicola aninnovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT zullogiuseppe innovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT cibinpierluigi innovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT bortolanlorenzo innovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT botteonmichele innovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots
AT petronenicola innovativecompactsystemtomeasureskiinggroundreactionforcesandflexuralanglesofalpineandtouringskiboots