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An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots
Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present stu...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867497/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836 |
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author | Zullo, Giuseppe Cibin, Pierluigi Bortolan, Lorenzo Botteon, Michele Petrone, Nicola |
author_facet | Zullo, Giuseppe Cibin, Pierluigi Bortolan, Lorenzo Botteon, Michele Petrone, Nicola |
author_sort | Zullo, Giuseppe |
collection | PubMed |
description | Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present study is to develop and test a lightweight and compact measurement system to obtain the Ground Reaction Forces and the kinematics for ski touring and alpine ski. To do so, we adapted two six-axis load cells to fit into ski touring and alpine skis adding 20 mm height and 500 g weight to the original ski. To measure kinematics, we created custom angular sensors from rotary potentiometers. The system was tested indoors using a force platform and motion capture system before a first set of field tests in which the sensors were used to measure ski touring and alpine skis kinetics and kinematics. Validation trials showed maximum errors of 10% for kinetics and 5% for kinematics. Field tests showed data in agreement with previous findings on the topic. The results of this study show the possibility of using our system to study biomechanics and equipment performances for ski touring, alpine skiing, and possibly other disciplines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9867497 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98674972023-01-22 An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots Zullo, Giuseppe Cibin, Pierluigi Bortolan, Lorenzo Botteon, Michele Petrone, Nicola Sensors (Basel) Article Skiing is a popular winter activity spanning various subdisciplines. Key hardware are ski boots, bindings, and skis, which are designed to withstand loads generated during skiing. Obtaining service forces and moments has always been challenging to researchers in the past. The goal of the present study is to develop and test a lightweight and compact measurement system to obtain the Ground Reaction Forces and the kinematics for ski touring and alpine ski. To do so, we adapted two six-axis load cells to fit into ski touring and alpine skis adding 20 mm height and 500 g weight to the original ski. To measure kinematics, we created custom angular sensors from rotary potentiometers. The system was tested indoors using a force platform and motion capture system before a first set of field tests in which the sensors were used to measure ski touring and alpine skis kinetics and kinematics. Validation trials showed maximum errors of 10% for kinetics and 5% for kinematics. Field tests showed data in agreement with previous findings on the topic. The results of this study show the possibility of using our system to study biomechanics and equipment performances for ski touring, alpine skiing, and possibly other disciplines. MDPI 2023-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9867497/ /pubmed/36679634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zullo, Giuseppe Cibin, Pierluigi Bortolan, Lorenzo Botteon, Michele Petrone, Nicola An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title | An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title_full | An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title_fullStr | An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title_full_unstemmed | An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title_short | An Innovative Compact System to Measure Skiing Ground Reaction Forces and Flexural Angles of Alpine and Touring Ski Boots |
title_sort | innovative compact system to measure skiing ground reaction forces and flexural angles of alpine and touring ski boots |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9867497/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36679634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020836 |
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