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Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma

INTRODUCTION: Lymphoma is the most common hemopoietic neoplasia in horses. Common clinicopathologic abnormalities in equine lymphoma include hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. Hypoglobulinemia has been reported in other species with l...

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Autores principales: Wensley, Fiona M., Berryhill, Emily H., Magdesian, K. Gary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9868912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36699338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1086010
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author Wensley, Fiona M.
Berryhill, Emily H.
Magdesian, K. Gary
author_facet Wensley, Fiona M.
Berryhill, Emily H.
Magdesian, K. Gary
author_sort Wensley, Fiona M.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Lymphoma is the most common hemopoietic neoplasia in horses. Common clinicopathologic abnormalities in equine lymphoma include hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. Hypoglobulinemia has been reported in other species with lymphoma, however it has not been well-described in horses. The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of hypoglobulinemia in equine lymphoma, and to identify prognosis and clinicopathological abnormalities associated with serum globulin concentrations. METHODS: Ninety-six horses with lymphoma were investigated in this retrospective study. Patients were allocated into groups based on serum globulin concentration. Survival analysis was performed to determine risk factors associated with globulin concentration and outcome. RESULTS: Nineteen horses were hypoglobulinemic (≤2.1 g/dL), 63/98 were normoglobulinemic (2.2–4.3 g/dL), and 16/98 were hyperglobulinemic (≥4.4 g/dL). Hyperglobulinemia was associated with a higher anion gap (P = 0.0005), lower bicarbonate (P = 0.006), sodium (P = 0.03) and chloride concentrations (P = 0.002), and higher total protein than hypoglobulinemic horses (P < 0.0001). For location, 37% of horses with mucocutaneous lymphoma were hypoglobulinemic, compared to none in the hyperglobulinemic group (P = 0.02). Survival times were significantly different between low, normal and high globulin groups (P = 0.0002, median [range] survival times: 333 [1–3792], 43 [1–4,001] and 4 [1–129] days, respectively). Significant risk factors for shortened time to death were hyperglobulinemia (HR 2.4, P = 0.02), T cell lymphoma (HR 3.5, P < 0.0001), and multicentric (HR 3.1, P = 0.0008) and mediastinal (HR 6.4, P = 0.006) forms of lymphoma. Lack of chemotherapy was associated with shortened survival time (HR 4.5, P < 0.0001). B cell lymphomas (P < 0.0001) and mucocutaneous lymphoma location (P < 0.0001) were associated with longer survival times. DISCUSSION: Serum globulin concentrations are associated with location of lymphoma, clinicopathologic abnormalities, and survival times in equine lymphoma.
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spelling pubmed-98689122023-01-24 Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma Wensley, Fiona M. Berryhill, Emily H. Magdesian, K. Gary Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science INTRODUCTION: Lymphoma is the most common hemopoietic neoplasia in horses. Common clinicopathologic abnormalities in equine lymphoma include hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. Hypoglobulinemia has been reported in other species with lymphoma, however it has not been well-described in horses. The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of hypoglobulinemia in equine lymphoma, and to identify prognosis and clinicopathological abnormalities associated with serum globulin concentrations. METHODS: Ninety-six horses with lymphoma were investigated in this retrospective study. Patients were allocated into groups based on serum globulin concentration. Survival analysis was performed to determine risk factors associated with globulin concentration and outcome. RESULTS: Nineteen horses were hypoglobulinemic (≤2.1 g/dL), 63/98 were normoglobulinemic (2.2–4.3 g/dL), and 16/98 were hyperglobulinemic (≥4.4 g/dL). Hyperglobulinemia was associated with a higher anion gap (P = 0.0005), lower bicarbonate (P = 0.006), sodium (P = 0.03) and chloride concentrations (P = 0.002), and higher total protein than hypoglobulinemic horses (P < 0.0001). For location, 37% of horses with mucocutaneous lymphoma were hypoglobulinemic, compared to none in the hyperglobulinemic group (P = 0.02). Survival times were significantly different between low, normal and high globulin groups (P = 0.0002, median [range] survival times: 333 [1–3792], 43 [1–4,001] and 4 [1–129] days, respectively). Significant risk factors for shortened time to death were hyperglobulinemia (HR 2.4, P = 0.02), T cell lymphoma (HR 3.5, P < 0.0001), and multicentric (HR 3.1, P = 0.0008) and mediastinal (HR 6.4, P = 0.006) forms of lymphoma. Lack of chemotherapy was associated with shortened survival time (HR 4.5, P < 0.0001). B cell lymphomas (P < 0.0001) and mucocutaneous lymphoma location (P < 0.0001) were associated with longer survival times. DISCUSSION: Serum globulin concentrations are associated with location of lymphoma, clinicopathologic abnormalities, and survival times in equine lymphoma. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9868912/ /pubmed/36699338 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1086010 Text en Copyright © 2023 Wensley, Berryhill and Magdesian. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Wensley, Fiona M.
Berryhill, Emily H.
Magdesian, K. Gary
Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title_full Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title_fullStr Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title_full_unstemmed Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title_short Association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
title_sort association of globulin concentrations with prognosis in horses with lymphoma
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9868912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36699338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1086010
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